2001
DOI: 10.1016/s0011-9164(01)00130-8
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Performance of MSF desalination plant components over fifteen years at Madinat Yanbu Al-Sinaiyah

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Cited by 6 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…The main optimizations include: device's design and configuration, thermodynamic design, material selection and so on. In practical MSF applications, using demisters and anti-foam agents to avoid the water's entering in the vapor [20], adding chemicals or on-line ball cleaning apparatus to solve the scaling problem and ensure thermal conversion efficiency for a long-time service [20][21][22],using stainless steel, duplex steel, titanium tubes, nickel alloys and other materials to reduce corrosion of the devices as well as cost of construction [23,24].…”
Section: Multi-stage Flashdistillation (Msf)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The main optimizations include: device's design and configuration, thermodynamic design, material selection and so on. In practical MSF applications, using demisters and anti-foam agents to avoid the water's entering in the vapor [20], adding chemicals or on-line ball cleaning apparatus to solve the scaling problem and ensure thermal conversion efficiency for a long-time service [20][21][22],using stainless steel, duplex steel, titanium tubes, nickel alloys and other materials to reduce corrosion of the devices as well as cost of construction [23,24].…”
Section: Multi-stage Flashdistillation (Msf)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In thermal seawater desalination plants, the main technique currently employed to control alkaline scales -such as calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH) 2 ) -is the addition of antiscalants [2À5]. Their precipitates are soft and readily removed from heat exchanger surfaces by on-line acid washing [6] or sponge-ball cleaning [7,8]. To prevent non-alkaline scale such as calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ), the maximum top brine temperature is maintained below 120 C. From an economic viewpoint, operating evaporators at higher temperatures enhances performance substantially, provided scale is prevented [9].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%