Performance of low-resistivity single and dual-gap RPCs for LHCb

Adinolfi, Marta; Carboni, G.; Messi, R.; Pacciani, L.; Paoluzi, L.; Santovetti, E.

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(00)00970-0

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…[35]. - [62], + [61], x [65], * [60], closed circle [7], open circle [59], closed triangle [39], open triangle [64]. Inset:…”

Section: Efficiency For Mipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applications and new developments in resistive plate chambers

Fonte

2002

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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Resistive Plate Chambers are rugged and affordable gas detectors that have found extensive use in high-energy physics and astroparticle experiments. The main features of these counters are the very large pulse height, reduced cost per unit area and good (about 1ns) time resolution. The field has enjoyed very active progress in recent years, including the introduction of a new (avalanche) mode of operation, extension of the counting rate capabilities to levels around 10 MHz/cm 2 , improvement of the time resolution for MIPs to 50 ps σ, and the achievement of position resolutions of a few tens of µm. These new developments have expanded the range of HEP applications and promise new applications in medical imaging. I. INTRODUCTION Resistive Plate Counters (RPCs) were introduced in 1981 [1] as a practical alternative to the remarkable "localized discharge spark counters" [2], which ultimately achieved a time resolution of 25ps σ [3]. The resulting detector, being by construction free from damaging discharges and enjoying a time resolution of the order of 1ns, has found very good acceptance in highenergy and astroparticle physics. In modern language, the original RPCs were single gap counters operated in streamer mode. Soon, the double gap structure was introduced [4] to improve the detection efficiency along with the avalanche mode of operation [5], which extends its counting rate capabilities. An imaginative construction method, denominated "multigap RPC" was introduced in 1996 [6], being specially suited for the construction of counters with more than a single gas gap. Recent innovations in detector construction and readout electronics have extended the timing resolution of RPCs for minimum ionizing particles (MIPs) to 50 ps σ [7], the rate capability to 10 5 Hz/mm 2 [8] and the position resolution for X-rays to 30 µm FWHM in digital readout mode [9]. Single and double gap, streamer-mode RPCs have so far found application in cosmic ray experiments, like COVER_PLASTEX [10] and EAS-TOP [11] being also used in the high-energy physics experiments L3 at CERN, BABAR at SLAC, USA, and BELLE at KEK, Japan. Future applications will include the ARGO experiment at the "YangBaJing Highaltitude Cosmic Ray Laboratory" [12], and the OPERA [13], and MONOLITH [14] cosmic ray experiments in LNGS, Italy. The Muon Arm of the ALICE experiment at LHC [15] will also be equipped with streamer-mode RPCs. Avalanche-mode RPCs will be used for the muon trigger systems of the ATLAS [16], CMS [17], and LHCb [18] experiments at LHC. Timing RPCs, a recent development [19], are already in use by the HARP experiment at the CERN PS accelerator [20] and will equip the 160 m 2 TOF barrel of ALICE's Particle Identification Detector [21]. II. RPC DESIGNS The combination of resistive and metallic electrodes with signal-transparent semi-conductive layers, highly isolating layers, and different kinds of pickup electrodes endows the RPCs with a rich variety of configurations, tunable to a variety of requirements.

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“…[35]. - [62], + [61], x [65], * [60], closed circle [7], open circle [59], closed triangle [39], open triangle [64]. Inset:…”

Section: Efficiency For Mipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7). (Legend: closed square [36], closed diamond [59], open diamond [60], x [68], * [62], + [45] and MicroRPC (closed diamonds) [35] (see also Fig. 4).…”

Section: A Standard Rpcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications and new developments in resistive plate chambers

Fonte

2002

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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“…A major drawback of the RPC streamer mode in the past has been the limited capability to withstand rates larger than a few Hz/cm 2 . This limitation was partially overcome by operating them in avalanche mode [4][5][6], allowing to increase the rate capability up to few kHz/cm 2 [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyimide/graphene nanocomposite materials to construct a low resistive RPC

et al. 2016

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The development of low resistivity material to increase the rate capability of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) has been attracting more and more attention recently. This paper presents a new type of such a material. The new material is based on polyimide doped with carbon. The electrical volume resistivity of this material could be controlled using different percentages of the doping carbon. The standard thickness of polyimide carbon films is around 40 µm which does not allow to use it as such to build the RPC electrodes. To overcome this, we developed a new stress method to make the gap between two polyimide carbon films. In this paper we will introduce the new detector material, the new type of RPC and the cosmic bench test results. In the future, if the polyimide is widely used in RPCs, the electrical properties changed by high energy particles should be well-studied. K: Resistive-plate chambers; Materials for gaseous detectors; Instrumentation and methods for time-of-flight (TOF) spectroscopy 1Corresponding author.

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Further Developments in Resistive Plate Chambers

2018

Resistive Gaseous Detectors

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Performance of low-resistivity single and dual-gap RPCs for LHCb

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Applications and new developments in resistive plate chambers

Applications and new developments in resistive plate chambers

Polyimide/graphene nanocomposite materials to construct a low resistive RPC

Further Developments in Resistive Plate Chambers

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