Performance of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacépède, 1802), fed fishmeal-and fish oil-free diets

Abstract

Diets were manufactured for largemouth bass (LMB) replacing fishmeal (FM) with poultry by-product meal (PBM), soybean meal (SBM), and a hydrolyzed soy meal. Experimental diets included a FM control (FMC), and three FM-free formulations containing equal amounts of PBM and SBM with fish oil (diet F2), Algal meal DHA (F3) or a soy protein concentrate (SPC). A commercial LMB diet was included for reference. Fish (n=20 per group) were randomly dispersed into one of 20 tanks with group weights of ±5%, and densities of 7.39±0.17 kg m -3 . Tanks were maintained as a RAS (28.3±0.76 o C, DO2 at 7.7±1.19 mg L -1 ) and randomly assigned to one of the five diets (n=80 fish per diet). Animals were fed to apparent satiation 3x daily for 12-weeks. Groups were weighed every 3 weeks and feed consumption recorded for calculation of FCRs. At trial end all fish were weighed and measured individually and 3 fish per tank employed for various analyses and comparisons against pre-trial samples. At trial end no differences (P > 0.05) were observed between groups for growth, SGR, or condition. FCR differed between the commercial and F3 diets (P < 0.05). F2 fed fish had higher (P < 0.05) visceral fat than F3 fed fish. Survival was 98-100% across all groups. Results indicate that judicious dietary manipulations may allow elimination of FM from LMB diets without compromising overall performance.

Responses of largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides , Lacépède, 1802) to fishmeal‐, and fish oil‐free diets

“…Higher dietary lipid is also often associated with elevated hepatosomatic indices (HSI), and although differences were observed among feed groups in the current trial, these did not reflect on diet composition. While fish from the diet supplemented only with canola oil (Diet 7) returned lowest values for HSI, which may indicate differences in energy partitioning, the general similarity in HSI, equivalence in intraperitoneal fat ratios and condition factors, and lack of effect of alternate oils on glycogen and lipid accumulation in other studies with LMB (McLean, Fredriksen, Alfrey, Craig, et al, 2020) imply equal utilization of the vegetable and algal oils.…”

“…These results are remarkable because the Xinxin feed contained 15% higher and 20% lower levels of crude protein and lipid, respectively, than the experimental diets. The use of blended proteins, as illustrated here, combined with results from other successful studies with LMB, where major proportions of dietary FM were replaced (McLean, Fredriksen, Alfrey, Craig, et al, 2020; McLean, Fredriksen, Alfrey, Tlusty, et al, 2020; Ren et al, 2018; Subhadra et al, 2006b; Tidwell et al, 2005; Wang et al, 2018; Yi et al, 2020;), provides strong and realistic support to suggest that future LMB grower feeds can be formulated devoid of FM. LMB have been reported to respond positively to increasing levels of dietary lipid, with fish expressing increased weight gain, improved feed efficiency and protein‐sparing action (Anderson et al, 1981; Guo et al, 2019; Li et al, 2020a).…”

“…Abbreviations: AO, algal oil; CO, canola oil; FMC, fishmeal control; FMF, fishmeal-free; FO, fish oil. Alfrey, Craig, et al, 2020) imply equal utilization of the vegetable and algal oils.…”

Assessment of open‐source fish‐free feeds ( F3 ) for pompano, Trachinotus carolinus (Perciformes, Carangidae), under hyposaline conditions

“…SBM‐based diets have also been reported to damage the liver of Florida and snubnose pompanos expressing increased vacuolization and inflammation (Novriadi et al, 2018; Novriadi, Salze, et al, 2019; Pham et al, 2021). In the present study, the preceding negative consequences of soybean/corn inclusion were not evaluated and, although their occurrence cannot be excluded, the recorded lack of impact of the experimental diets on growth would suggest that Florida pompano are insensitive to the level of SPC/CPC (~14%) used herein, or that perhaps only a transitory effect arose, as previously considered for sea bream (Santigosa et al, 2010), carp (Urán et al, 2008) and largemouth bass (McLean et al, 2020). Alternatively, the use of a blend of proteins may have tempered the presence and potential for negative effects of ANFs, such as enzyme inhibitors.…”

Effects of Different Feeding Regimes on Growth Rates and Fatty Acid Composition of Largemouth Bass Micropterus nigricans at High Water Temperatures

“…Another study [ 44 ] evaluated feed enhancement components for juvenile LMB at 29.6 °C over eight days but did not record growth or FCR data. Concerning experimental data on commercial feed, one study [ 45 ] reported that LMB juveniles fed a commercial diet (Classic Bass ® , extruded, floating; protein/fat: 48/18; Skretting, Tooele, UT, USA) yielded an FCR of 1.06 in a recirculating system at approximately 28 °C for eight weeks. Another study by Tidwell et al [ 46 ] reported FCR values from 1.9 to 2.4 during the summer months, when temperatures were between 30 and 20 °C from May to August, for LMB juveniles cultured in 120.04 ha ponds on test diets.…”