Performance of garlic cultivars under rain-fed cultivation practice at South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia

Abstract

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important edible bulbous crop with unique culinary and medicinal purposes. It is a major cash crop widely cultivated in Libokemkem and other districts of South Gondar zone of Amhara Region in Ethiopia. However, productivity of garlic in Ethiopia in general and in South Gondar Zone in particular is very low largely due to the use of unimproved local cultivars and traditional cultural practices. Five different improved cultivars of garlic were then evaluated for yield and yield components under rain-fed production practice. This acclimatization and performance evaluation at three different locations (Angot, Ginaza and Woreta) was laid in randomized complete block design with three replications. Cultivar Adiszemene local (55.44, 39.82 and 22.28 quintal per hectare (q/ha)) produced consistently high dry bulb yield at the three locations. Cultivar Chefe was found to be the lowest yielding at Angot (16.07 q/ha) and Ginaza (22.56 q/ha), whereas cultivars Kuriftu (11.92 q/ha) and Tsedey (10.06 q/ha) were the lowest yielding at Woreta indicating profound effect of environment on yield. Overall result revealed that statistically significant (P<0.05) high dry bulb yield (39.18 q/ha) was recorded in cultivar Adizemene local, followed by cultivar Holleta (31.32 q/ha). These cultivars with consistent high performance and wide adaptability would then be demonstrated and popularized for wide spread cultivation.

​Performance of Garlic Genotypes under Sub montane Zone of Maharashtra

“…Differential behavior of garlic genotypes with respect todays to maturity might be due to variation in their genetic makeup. The results of present findings are in close conformity with the results reported by Semira et al (2017) and Dessie and Mulat (2019) in garlic genotypes.…”

Phenology, growth, yield, and yield-related traits of Ethiopian garlic genotypes. A review

“…The total production from 12,429 ha of land was only 124,801 quartiles. The low production of garlic growth, yield, and yield-related traits was due to biotic and abiotic factors such as lack of high-yielding genotypes [ [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] ], inappropriate organic and inorganic fertilizer [ 3 , 4 , 18 , [36] , [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] , [52] ], inappropriate intra-row spacing [ 38 , 42 , 43 , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] , 69 ], clove weight and size [ [57] , [58] , [59] , [60] ], watering [ [61] , [62] , [63] , [64] , [65] , [66] , [67] , [68] ], mulching [ 70 , 71 ], disease [ 12 , 36 , 42 , [53] …”

“…Among them, the most important primary factor is genotype due to its genetic variability at different locations (agronomy, post-harvest, and institutional) [ [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] , [35] , [89] , [90] , [91] , [92] , [93] , [94] , [95] , [96] , [97] , [98] , [99] , [100] , [101] , [102] , [104] , [105] , [106] , [107] , [108] ]. This review focuses on impact of genotypes on phenology, growth, yield and yield traits in Ethiopia only.…”

“…To fill the information gap regarding to impact of genotypes on phenology, growth, yield and yield traits in Ethiopia Garlic is grown in all temperate and subtropical regions as well as in hilly lowland areas all over the world [ 105 ]. While in Ethiopia, it is commonly produced in the midland and highlands [ [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , 31 , 107 , 108 ]. Scholars have shown that the genotype of the garlic plant affects the growth yield and yield-related traits of the garlic plant [ 17 , 24 , 26 , 27 ].…”

“…While in Ethiopia, it is commonly produced in the midland and highlands [ [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , 31 , 107 , 108 ]. Scholars have shown that the genotype of the garlic plant affects the growth yield and yield-related traits of the garlic plant [ 17 , 24 , 26 , 27 ]. Mohammed et al [ 17 ] reported that among the types of varieties like Chefe, Kuriftu, Tsedey 92, Holleta, Chelenko I (Standard Check), and Local, there were significant effects on the plant height, leaf length, bulb diameter, number of cloves per bulb, bulb weight, and yield.…”