Performance of europium-doped strontium iodide, transparent ceramics and bismuth-loaded polymer scintillators

Cherepy, Nerine J.; Payne, Stephen A.; Sturm, Benjamin W.; O’Neal, Sean; Seeley, Zachary M.; Drury, Owen B.; Haselhorst, L K; Rupert, B. L.; Sanner, Robert M.; Thelin, Peter; Fisher, S.; Hawrami, R.; Shah, K.S.; Bürger, A.; Ramey, J. O.; Boatner, L. A.

doi:10.1117/12.896656

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…[ 167 ] Transparent ceramic GYGAG:Ce scintillators with high scintillation performance, that is, with a light yield of 50 000 ph MeV −1 and an energy resolution of 4.5-4.8% at 662 keV, were reported. [ 168 ] An interesting observation was also reported for Gd 3 (Al,Ga) 5 O 12 :Ce regarding the relation between the afterglow and stoichiometry of the host. This phenomenon was interpreted as being due to energy migration over the Gd 3+ sublattice, followed by an energy transfer to Ce 3+ .…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 64%

Recent R&D Trends in Inorganic Single‐Crystal Scintillator Materials for Radiation Detection

Nikl

Yoshikawa

2015

Advanced Optical Materials

627

374

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In this review, the major achievements and research and development (R&D) trends from the last decade in the field of single crystal scintillator materials are described. Two material families are included, namely, those of halide and oxide compounds. In most cases, the host crystals are doped with Ce3+, Pr3+ or Eu2+ rare earth ions. Their spin‐ and parity‐allowed 5d–4f transitions enable a rapid scintillation response, on the order of tens to hundreds of nanoseconds. Technological recipes, extended characterization by means of optical and magnetic spectroscopies, and theoretical studies are described. The latter provide further support to experimental results and provide a better understanding of the host electronic band structure, energy levels of specific defects, and the emission centers themselves. Applications in medical imaging and dosimetry, security measures, high‐energy physics and the high‐tech industry, in which X(γ)‐rays or particle beams are used and monitored, are recognized as the main driving factor for R&D activities in this field.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 64%

Recent R&D Trends in Inorganic Single‐Crystal Scintillator Materials for Radiation Detection

Nikl

Yoshikawa

2015

Advanced Optical Materials

627

374

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“…In order to mitigate light-trapping and enable higher effective light yields and better light collection homogeneity, we undertook a Ce-doping study to identify the lowest Ce concentration that could provide high light yield with sufficiently fast decay for standard analog shaping amplifiers (<12 s). GYGAG(Ce) exhibits a double exponential decay, as shown in [2]. Figure 3 shows that the light yield reaches its maximum just above Ce = 0.005 and does not decrease with concentration, up to Ce = 0.02.…”

Section: A Scintillator Absorption Radioluminescence and Decaymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In our earlier reports [1][2][3], we measured energy resolution of 4.5% at 662 keV with PMT readout and 4.2% with Silicon photodiode readout, utilizing small (0.05-2 cm 3 ) GYGAG(Ce) ceramics. Identification of the ideal garnet host for Ce-activation providing the highest light yield and bluest emission for PMT readout requires analysis of the conduction and valence band positions, as well as the positioning of the Ce transition within the band gap [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of transparent ceramic Ce-doped gadolinium garnet gamma spectrometers

Cherepy

Seeley

Payne

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC)

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Abstract-Transparent polycrystalline ceramic scintillators based on the garnet structure and incorporating gadolinium for high stopping power are being developed for use in gamma spectrometers. Optimization of energy resolution for gamma spectroscopy involves refining the material composition for high stopping and high light yield, developing ceramics fabrication methodology for material homogeneity, as well as selecting the size and geometry of the scintillator to match the photodetector characteristics and readout electronics. We have demonstrated energy resolution of 4% at 662 keV for 0.05 cm 3 GYGAG(Ce) ceramics with photodiode readout, and 4.9% resolution at 662 keV for 18 cm 3 GYGAG(Ce) ceramics and PMT readout. Comparative gamma spectra acquired with GYGAG(Ce) and NaI(Tl) depict the higher resolution of GYGAG(Ce) for radioisotope identification applications. Light yield nonproportionality of garnets fabricated following different methods reveal that the fundamental shapes of the light yield dependence on energy are not intrinsic to the crystal structure, but may instead depend on trap state distributions. With exposure to 9 MeV Brehmsstrahlung radiation, we also find that GYGAG(Ce) ceramics exhibit excellent radiation hardness.

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“…Our work on the development of cerium-doped gadolinium garnet transparent ceramic scintillators, including gadolinium yttrium gallium aluminum garnet, or GYGAG(Ce) is described in references [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Ceramics formed from line compounds like YAG must be synthesized with rigorous control over stoichiometry in order to avoid formation of secondary phases.…”

Section: Metal Organic Precursormentioning

confidence: 99%

Transparent ceramic scintillators for gamma spectroscopy and MeV imaging

Cherepy¹,

Seeley

Payne

et al. 2015

Hard X-Ray, Gamma-Ray, and Neutron Detector Physics XVII

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We report on the development of two new mechanically rugged, high light yield transparent ceramic scintillators: (1) Ce-doped Gd-garnet for gamma spectroscopy, and (2) Eu-doped Gd-Lu-bixbyite for radiography. GYGAG(Ce) garnet transparent ceramics offer  = 5.8g/cm 3 , Z eff = 48, principal decay of <100 ns, and light yield of 50,000 Ph/MeV. Gdgarnet ceramic scintillators offer the best energy resolution of any oxide scintillator, as good as R(662 keV) = 3% (Si-PD readout) for small sizes and typically R(662 keV) < 5% for cubic inch sizes. For radiography, the bixbyite transparent ceramic scintillator, (Gd,Lu,Eu) 2 O 3 , or "GLO," offers excellent x-ray stopping, with  = 9.1 g/cm 3 and Z eff = 68. Several 10" diameter by 0.1" thickness GLO scintillators have been fabricated. GLO outperforms scintillator glass for high energy radiography, due to higher light yield (55,000 Ph/MeV) and better stopping, while providing spatial resolution of >8 lp/mm.

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Performance of europium-doped strontium iodide, transparent ceramics and bismuth-loaded polymer scintillators

Cited by 29 publications

References 25 publications

Recent R&D Trends in Inorganic Single‐Crystal Scintillator Materials for Radiation Detection

Recent R&D Trends in Inorganic Single‐Crystal Scintillator Materials for Radiation Detection

Development of transparent ceramic Ce-doped gadolinium garnet gamma spectrometers

Transparent ceramic scintillators for gamma spectroscopy and MeV imaging

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