Performance of Encased Stone Columns and Design Guidelines for Construction on Soft Clay Soils

Murugesan, S.; Rajagopal, K.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-69313-0_133

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Malarvizhi and Ilamparuthi (2007) reported that the bearing capacity of encased stone column was 1.5 to 2 times that of ordinary stone column for length to diameter ratio of encased stone column equal to 9 and area replacement ratio equal to 17%. The comparison between the end bearing column and floating column revealed that the end bearing column having load carrying capacity twice that of floating column (Murugesan and Rajagopal 2008). …”

Section: Model Testingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reinforced granular column for deep soil stabilization: A review

Tandel

Solanki²,

Desai³

2012

IJCSER

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The engineering structures constructed on thick deposits of soft soil strata have problems of low bearing capacity, excessive total and differential settlement, lateral spreading etc. To mitigate such problems, different ground improvement techniques are available namely; vertical drains, lime/cement column, stone (granular) column etc. in view of their proven performance, short time schedule, durability, constructability and low costs. Stone column technique seems to be very suitable and favourable ground improvement technique for deep soft soil improvement. Further to prevent excessive bulging, squeezing of stone into soft soil, stone column can be encased with suitable geosynthetic. Another advantage of encasement is having high load carrying capacity and lesser settlement of composite foundation. This paper presents the current state of the geosynthetic encased stone column as a ground improvement technique. A review is provided aiming to: (a) identify key considerations for the general use of encased stone columns, (b) provide insights for design and construction, (c) compile the latest research developments. Case histories of field applications and observed field performance are cited to portray different stone column applications and observed effectiveness. The paper identifies areas where more research is needed and includes recommendations for future research and development.

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Section: Model Testingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reinforced granular column for deep soil stabilization: A review

Tandel

Solanki²,

Desai³

2012

IJCSER

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“…The parameters compiled in Table 2 show the main properties of the HG soils. The HG soils are usually obtained from the river and the lake beds [15,18,30], marine clay of coastal areas [10,39,42], where the fines form the largest portion of such soils. Such sources contain soils having a low strength, namely, clay and silt, and can be improved by using the SCs.…”

Section: Hg Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different types of granular materials were used to construct the SCs. The granite chips are one of the frequently used materials [9,10,30,31]. The reason behind using granite is the high strength, which prevents crushing [8,23,24].…”

Section: Sc Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The HG within the pipe is removed with each increment using a helical auger to avoid the suction effect and friction that can disturb the HG. After total removal of soil, the casing is partially lifted, and SC's material is charged and compacted in layers keeping an overlap between the casing and the layer in order to avoid necking and bulging [30]. The properties of tampers that are used to compact the SC's materials are shown in Table 5.…”

Section: Sc Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Experimental Design of Stone Columns' Modelling using Small-Scale Unit Cells: A Review

Almaliki¹,

Selamat²

2018

IJET

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This paper presents a review of the experimental design of the small-scale single stone column that adopts the unit cell concept. Materials and methods used in experiments along with their effects and implication have been appraised. The reviewed cases showed that clayey soils were often used to construct the host ground. Steel cylindrical tanks were used with diameters ranging from 15 to 60 cm and heights ranging from 20 to 120 cm. For such scale, the used stone size is 2 to 10 mm. Plates load test can be carried out on the entire tank or on the stone column. The load has been imposed at a constant settlement rate of 1 to 1.25 mm/min in order to simulate the stage immediately after construction. The review shows that remoulding and replacement have been often practised for the construction of the host ground and the stone column, respectively.

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“…Effect of diameter and H/D ratio of the stone column on the behaviour of stone column reinforced ground has been studied by various researchers. Murugesan and Rajagopal (2007, 2008, 2010 and Gandhi (2004, 2007) adopted H/D ratio of unit cell greater than 1.0 and above, whereas, Malarvizhi and Ilamparuthi (2007) considered the H/D ratio of unit cell less than 1.0. Lovisa and Sivakugan (2015) observed that for doubly drained specimen with the H/D ratio up to 3, the wall friction does not play any role and same average degree of consolidation versus time charts can be considered.…”

Section: Geomaterials and Experimental Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Laboratory and Numerical Studies on the Behaviour of Stone Columns Installed in Mumbai Marine Clay

Chauhan

Kolekar²,

Dasaka

2017

Soil Testing, Soil Stability and Ground Improvement

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Abstract. Mumbai marine clay is problematic in nature for substructures and it needs to be strengthening before making it available for any construction activity. Out of many available geotechnical solutions, stone columns are quite handy in significantly improving the bearing capacity of marine clay, which also supplements by dissipating excess pore water pressure and reducing the settlements of clay beds under external loads. For the investigation on behavior of stone columns, marine clay was collected from the Uran site near Mumbai, India. Slurry consolidated clay beds were prepared and gravity loading mechanism was adopted to consolidate the clay beds in the laboratory. Laboratory tests were performed to ascertain the uniformity and repeatability of the clay beds by slurry consolidation. Augers of 50, 75 and 100 mm diameter were used to bore the holes in the clay bed and aggregates were used for stone column preparation by replacement method. The static displacement controlled tests were performed on the stone column reinforced clay bed. In the present study, the loading is applied on stone column alone, as it leads to the ultimate axial capacity of stone column improved ground. Clay bed reinforced with stone column exhibits improved load-settlement response, compared to unreinforced clay beds. The improvement was very significant at higher settlements. The failure load of reinforced clay bed is around 6 times more than the unreinforced clay bed. In order to further understand the behaviour of stone column reinforced ground, numerical modeling of stone column reinforced clay bed is conducted using FLAC 3D . Using the validated numerical model of the stone column, the effect of variation of the diameter of stone column on its performance was studied. From the numerical analysis and physical tests conducted in laboratory, it is observed that the stone columns with smaller diameter when subjected to vertical loading carried higher bearing pressures when compared to that of the larger diameter stone columns, which may be due to the greater confining and larger bulge formed at a depth of 2-3 times the diameter of stone columns.

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Performance of Encased Stone Columns and Design Guidelines for Construction on Soft Clay Soils

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Reinforced granular column for deep soil stabilization: A review

Reinforced granular column for deep soil stabilization: A review

The Experimental Design of Stone Columns' Modelling using Small-Scale Unit Cells: A Review

Some Laboratory and Numerical Studies on the Behaviour of Stone Columns Installed in Mumbai Marine Clay

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