The Experimental Design of Stone Columns' Modelling using Small-Scale Unit Cells: A Review

Abstract

This paper presents a review of the experimental design of the small-scale single stone column that adopts the unit cell concept. Materials and methods used in experiments along with their effects and implication have been appraised. The reviewed cases showed that clayey soils were often used to construct the host ground. Steel cylindrical tanks were used with diameters ranging from 15 to 60 cm and heights ranging from 20 to 120 cm. For such scale, the used stone size is 2 to 10 mm. Plates load test can be carried out on the entire tank or on the stone column. The load has been imposed at a constant settlement rate of 1 to 1.25 mm/min in order to simulate the stage immediately after construction. The review shows that remoulding and replacement have been often practised for the construction of the host ground and the stone column, respectively.

Model Tests on Coir Geotextile-Encased Stone Columns with Tyre Crumb-Infilled Basal Coir Geocell

“…The stone columns were formed using the replacement method, which is preferred for small-scale experiments on end-bearing stone columns and is proven to be effective in simulating the field installation procedure [44,46]. The hole was formed for ordinary stone columns using an open-ended casing pipe of 60 mm diameter; however, for encased stone columns, the casing pipe diameter was chosen as equivalent to the encased stone column diameter.…”