Performance of diagnostic tests to detect respiratory viruses in older adults

She, Rosemary C.; Polage, Christopher R.; Caram, L. Brett; Taggart, Edward W.; Hymas, Weston; Woods, Christopher W.; Schmader, Kenneth E.; Petti, Cathy A.

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.02.020

“…33,34 The performance of both traditional and molecular-based tests varies according to the age group studied. 35 However, generally the younger children tend to show a higher viral load than older individuals. In general, this observation may account for a more favorable performance between traditional and molecular-based testing in the younger age group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of two broadly multiplexed PCR systems for viral detection in clinical respiratory tract specimens from immunocompromised children

Hayden

¹

,

Gu

²

,

Rodríguez

³

et al. 2012

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…30 This technique is particularly useful in the elderly, who often have a lower nasopharyngeal viral burden than children. 74,75 Moreover, some viruses (such as bocavirus) are hard to culture, and antigen testing may be equivocal (e.g. parainfluenza or adenovirus), so they can only be satisfactorily identified using PCR.…”

Section: Microbiological Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Non-bacterial Infections in Respiratory Medicine: Viral Pneumonia

Galván

¹

,

Rajas

²

,

Aspa

³

2015

Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition)

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Although bacteria are the main pathogens involved in community-acquired pneumonia, a significant number of community-acquired pneumonia are caused by viruses, either directly or as part of a co-infection. The clinical picture of these different pneumonias can be very similar, but viral infection is more common in the pediatric and geriatric populations, leukocytes are not generally elevated, fever is variable, and upper respiratory tract symptoms often occur; procalcitonin levels are not generally affected. For years, the diagnosis of viral pneumonia was based on cell culture and antigen detection, but since the introduction of polymerase chain reaction techniques in the clinical setting, identification of these pathogens has increased and new microorganisms such as human bocavirus have been discovered. In general, influenza virus type A and syncytial respiratory virus are still the main pathogens involved in this entity. However, in recent years, outbreaks of deadly coronavirus and zoonotic influenza virus have demonstrated the need for constant alert in the face of new emerging pathogens. Neuraminidase inhibitors for viral pneumonia have been shown to reduce transmission in cases of exposure and to improve the clinical progress of patients in intensive care; their use in common infections is not recommended. Ribavirin has been used in children with syncytial respiratory virus, and in immunosuppressed subjects. Apart from these drugs, no antiviral has been shown to be effective. Prevention with anti-influenza virus vaccination and with monoclonal antibodies, in the case of syncytial respiratory virus, may reduce the incidence of pneumonia.

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“…En relación con el procesamiento de la muestra, los sistemas basados en PCR son 2-5 veces más sensibles que los métodos convencionales para la detección de virus respiratorios 30 . Esta técnica es especialmente útil en los ancianos, quienes suelen portar en la nasofaringe menor carga viral que los niños 74,75 . Además, algunos virus son difícilmente cultivables (como el bocavirus), o equívocamente detectables a través de antígeno (como el virus parainfluenza o el adenovirus), por lo que solo pueden ser adecuadamente identificados por PCR [76][77][78] .…”

Section: Diagnóstico Microbiológicounclassified

Revisión sobre las infecciones no bacterianas del aparato respiratorio: neumonías víricas

Galván

¹

,

Rajas

²

,

Aspa

³

2015

Archivos de Bronconeumología

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although bacteria are the main pathogens involved in community-acquired pneumonia, a significant number of community-acquired pneumonia are caused by viruses, either directly or as part of a co-infection. The clinical picture of these different pneumonias can be very similar, but viral infection is more common in the pediatric and geriatric populations, leukocytes are not generally elevated, fever is variable, and upper respiratory tract symptoms often occur; procalcitonin levels are not generally affected. For years, the diagnosis of viral pneumonia was based on cell culture and antigen detection, but since the introduction of polymerase chain reaction techniques in the clinical setting, identification of these pathogens has increased and new microorganisms such as human bocavirus have been discovered. In general, influenza virus type A and syncytial respiratory virus are still the main pathogens involved in this entity. However, in recent years, outbreaks of deadly coronavirus and zoonotic influenza virus have demonstrated the need for constant alert in the face of new emerging pathogens. Neuraminidase inhibitors for viral pneumonia have been shown to reduce transmission in cases of exposure and to improve the clinical progress of patients in intensive care; their use in common infections is not recommended. Ribavirin has been used in children with syncytial respiratory virus, and in immunosuppressed subjects. Apart from these drugs, no antiviral has been shown to be effective. Prevention with anti-influenza virus vaccination and with monoclonal antibodies, in the case of syncytial respiratory virus, may reduce the incidence of pneumonia.

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Performance of diagnostic tests to detect respiratory viruses in older adults

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

Comparison of two broadly multiplexed PCR systems for viral detection in clinical respiratory tract specimens from immunocompromised children

Comparison of two broadly multiplexed PCR systems for viral detection in clinical respiratory tract specimens from immunocompromised children

Review of Non-bacterial Infections in Respiratory Medicine: Viral Pneumonia

Revisión sobre las infecciones no bacterianas del aparato respiratorio: neumonías víricas

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