Performance of an Escherichia coli phytase expressed in Lactococcus lactis on nutrient retention, bone traits and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens

Abstract

The availability of plant phosphorus in the gut chicken can be improved by increasing phosphorus retention using phytase enzyme or a probiotic with phytase activity as an alternative. In this study, the efficacy of a recombinant probiotic, Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis), with a potential of phytase production was evaluated in broiler chickens. To this aim, 360 one-day-old male broiler Cobb 500 were divided into six treatments with six replicates and reared to 42 days of age. The experimental treatments included positive control diet containing adequate phosphorus (PC), negative control diet containing reduced available phosphorus (NC), negative control diet involving recombinant L. lactis (RLL), negative control diet containing both recombinant L. lactis and Lactobacillus salivarius (RLL + LBS), negative control diet including nonrecombinant L. lactis (LL) and negative control diet containing Hostazym ® . Growth performance, total tract apparent disappearance of phytate-P and nutrient retention, mineral content of the tibia and histomorphology of jejunum were evaluated at the age of 35 days. Based on the results, the phosphorus (P) deficiency in the diet reduced body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), length and strength of tibia and increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to PC group. However, the supplementation of Hostazym ® or RLL probiotic into the feed improved BW, ADG, FCR, disappearance of Phytate-P and retention of P, length and strength of the tibia in a level similar to PC treatment. Phosphorus content of tibia in the chickens fed P-deficient diets containing RLL was similar to that of the tibia in the control group. Excreta phytate and total P excretion of the chickens decreased when diets contained Hostazym ® , RLL and RLL + LBS. In addition, the diet containing RLL + LBS probiotic increased villi height compared with other treatments (p < .05). Further, recombinant L. lactis could represent phytase activity in the gut environment of the chickens and could be an alternative to the commercial phytase. K E Y W O R D S broiler chicken, Lactococcus lactis, phosphorus, phytase, probiotic How to cite this article: Mohammadi Ziarat M, Kermanshahi H, Nasiri Mogaddam H, Majidzadeh Heravi R. Performance of an Escherichia coli phytase expressed in Lactococcus lactis on nutrient retention, bone traits and intestinal morphology in broiler chickens.

Enterococcus faecium PNC01 isolated from the intestinal mucosa of chicken as an alternative for antibiotics to reduce feed conversion rate in broiler chickens

“…The intestinal morphology had a decisive influence on the intestinal epithelial area, and the raised villus greatly increased the surface area of intestinal epithelium that increased nutrient absorption [ 40 ]. E. faecium PNC01 reduced FCR by increasing the villus height of the intestinal epithelium, which was consistent with the previous results that LAB increased the villus surface area [ 13 ]. The intestinal crypts mainly secreted digestive enzymes, and the crypts became shallower in depth after differentiation and maturation.…”

“…Study has showed that Lactobacillus spp. improved the crude protein retention and meat quality in animals [ 13 , 14 ]. Short-chain fatty acids such as butyrate produced by intestinal microorganisms fermentation in chickens improved the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells [ 15 ].…”

Effect of an Escherichia coli–derived phytase and a carbohydrase–protease cocktail derived from Bacillus spp. on performance, digestibility, bone mineralization and gut morphology in broilers fed different nutrient density diets

“…The current findings also suggest that, regardless of lower dietary ME and CP–LAA levels, PHY supplementation in the diet has a positive effect on bone mineralization by increasing tibial ash and P content. This enhancement in tibia mineralization reported in broilers given a diet supplemented with PHY is comparable with that found in previously published research on broilers (Akter et al., 2016 ; Jing et al., 2021 ; Mohammadi Ziarat et al., 2020 ). In the present work, PHY was employed to dephosphorylate myo‐inositol hexaphosphate, which likely enhanced bone mineralization by improving the bioavailability of ash, P and Ca.…”

“…The results of these investigations have consistently shown that PHY supplementation enhances dietary phosphorous availability across all studies and species studied. In addition, multiple studies have shown that PHY increases the availability of other minerals (Akter et al., 2016 ; Mohammadi Ziarat et al., 2020 ) and amino acids (Jing et al., 2021 ; Jlali et al., 2020 ), which in turn enhances growth rate and bone mineralization. A recent study conducted on broiler chickens (Moss et al., 2020 ) has shown that PHY supplementation increased starch digestibility and energy utilization of maize‐ and wheat‐based diets, which was associated with an increase in NSP digestibility.…”

Broiler feed formulated with phosphorus, calcium, and energy deficiencies supplemented with exogenous enzymes

“…However, these effects depend on the degree of AP reduction in the diet. For example, Ziarat, Kermanshahi, Mogaddam and Heravi (2020) at the initial phase in broilers fed P-deficient diets, and related the lack of response to the The WG of birds in treatments NC1 and NC2 was lower in the period from 1 to 21 days, compared to birds in treatments PC, NC1 + Phy, and NC2 + Phy + E (p < 0.05). The negative effect of AP reduction is not only observed in the birds' food intake; AP deficiency can lead to anorexia and, therefore, to less weight gain (Montanhini, Ceccantini, & Fernandes, 2012;Rahimi, Modirsanei, & Mansoori, 2020).…”