Performance, health and physiological responses of newly weaned feedlot cattle supplemented with feed-grade antibiotics or alternative feed ingredients

Souza, Kennyson Alves de; Cooke, Reinaldo F; Schubach, Kelsey M; Brandão, Alice; Schumaher, Thiago F; Prado, Ivanor Nunes do; Marques, R. S.; Bohnert, D. W.

doi:10.1017/s1751731118000551

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Cattle utilized in this experiment were considered high-risk given that their prior management and health history were not fully known (Lippolis et al 2017;Wilson et al, 2017;Souza et al, 2018). Moreover, cattle experienced the stress of weaning, auction, transportation, commingling, vaccination, and feedlot entry within a short interval, and the combination of these stressors impacts cattle immunocompetence and performance (Cooke, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Productive and physiological responses of feeder cattle supplemented withYucca schidigeraextract during feedlot receiving1

Sousa

Cooke

Brandão

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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This experiment evaluated the effects of supplementing a saponin-containing feed ingredient, manufactured from purified extract of Yucca schidigera [Micro-Aid (MA); DPI Global; Porterville, CA], on performance, health, and physiological responses of receiving cattle. A total of 105 recently weaned Angus x Hereford calves (75 steers and 30 heifers), originating from eight cow-calf operations, were obtained from an auction facility on day −2 and road transported (800 km; 12 h) to the experimental facility. Immediately after arrival on day −1, shrunk BW was recorded and calves were grouped with freechoice access to grass hay, mineral supplement, and water. On day 0, calves were ranked by sex, source, and shrunk BW, and allocated to one of 21 pens (5 calves/pen; being one or two heifers within each pen). Pens were assigned to receive a total mixed ration (TMR) and one of three treatments (as-fed basis): (1) 1 g/calf daily of MA (M1; n = 7), (2) 2 g/ calf daily of MA (M2; n = 7), or (3) no MA supplementation (CON; n = 7). Calves received the TMR to yield 15% (as-fed basis) orts, and treatments were top-dressed from days 0 to 59. Calves were assessed for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) signs and TMR intake was recorded for each pen daily. Calves were vaccinated against BRD pathogens on days 0 and 21. Final shrunk BW was recorded on day 60, and blood samples were collected on days 0, 2, 6, 10, 14, 21, 28, 34, 45, and 59. ADG was greater (P = 0.03) in M2 vs. M1 and CON (1.53, 1.42, and 1.42 kg/day, respectively), and similar (P = 0.95) between M1 and CON calves. No treatment effects were detected for TMR intake (P = 0.52), whereas feed efficiency was greater (P ≤ 0.05) in M2 vs. M1 and CON calves (213, 200, and 204 g/kg, respectively) and similar (P = 0.40) between M1 and CON calves. No treatment effects were detected (P = 0.39) for diagnosis of BRD signs. The number of antimicrobial treatments required upon BRD diagnosis was greater (P ≤ 0.01) in CON vs. M1 and M2 (1.40, 1.05, and 1.10 treatments, respectively), and similar (P = 0.60) between M1 and M2 calves. No other treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.23), including circulating concentrations of hormones and metabolites, serum antibody titers to BRD pathogens, and mRNA expression of innate immunity genes in whole blood. Collectively, results from this experiment suggest that MA supplementation at 2 g/animal daily enhances performance and response to BRD treatment in high-risk cattle during feedlot receiving.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Productive and physiological responses of feeder cattle supplemented withYucca schidigeraextract during feedlot receiving1

Sousa

Cooke

Brandão

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Traditionally, antibiotics have been used widely as feed additives to improve livestock production; however, the overuse of antibiotics has led to a rise in bacterial resistance to antibiotics 1 . Faced with this situation, biological additives are being examined as possible alternatives 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astragalus root extract improved average daily gain, immunity, antioxidant status and ruminal microbiota of early weaned yak calves

et al. 2020

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BACKGROUND Early weaning in yak calves is being attempted to improve yak reproduction rate. However, this has to be done with caution because of the high mortality rate of calves due to the lack of nutrients and the harsh environmental conditions. Twenty‐four weaned male yak calves were used in a 60 day feeding trial in which astragalus root extract (ARE) was supplemented. They were assigned randomly to one of four dietary treatments (n = six per treatment) that differed in ARE level: 0 g kg−1 (control), ARE0; 20 g kg−1, ARE20; 50 g kg−1, ARE50; and 80 g kg−1 dry matter intake (DMI), ARE80. RESULTS Final bodyweight and average daily gain (ADG) were significantly higher and the DMI/ADG ratio was significantly lower in calves with ARE supplementation than control (ARE0) calves. Ruminal concentrations of acetate and propionate and serum concentration of superoxide dismutase in ARE80 calves were higher than in the other groups and serum concentration of insulin was higher in ARE80 calves than in ARE20 calves. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) concentrations in ARE‐fed calves were higher than in controls. Serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF‐α) concentration was higher in ARE50 and ARE80 groups than ARE0 calves and serum interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) concentration was higher in ARE80 than in ARE0 calves. Serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG and immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentrations increased with age in ARE‐fed calves. ARE supplementation increased the abundance of fiber degrading bacteria. CONCLUSION ARE at a dosage of 5% to 8% DMI can be supplemented to early weaned yak calves to improve growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immunity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…The combination of a specific blend of essential oils and exogenous α -amylase resulted in greater average daily gain (ADG) and carcass weight compared with monensin, primarily by increasing energy intake and the amount of nutrient digested in the total tract of finishing Nellore bulls (Meschiatti et al ., 2019). The combination of these two additives could circumvent concerns regarding the use of antibiotics in commercial beef production (Jouany and Morgavi, 2007; de Souza et al ., 2018) and should be further evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alternative feed additives and flint maize grain particle size on growth performance, carcass traits and nutrient digestibility of finishing beef cattle

et al. 2019

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The current study evaluated growth performance and digestion responses of finishing bulls fed diets containing 825 g/kg flint maize [dry matter (DM) basis] ground to medium (1.66 mm; MG) or coarse particle sizes (2.12 mm; CG), with added monensin (26 mg/kg; DM basis; MON) or a blend of essential oils (BEO) + exogenous α-amylase (AM; 90 mg/kg + 560 mg/kg commercial product, respectively, DM basis). In Expt 1, 256 Nellore bulls were blocked by initial body weight (BW) (360 ± 11.7 kg) and assigned to 48 pens in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Effect of a maize particle size × feed additive interaction was not detected for final BW, DM intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency. The DMI was greater for bulls fed BEO + AM v. MON. Final BW and ADG tended to be greater for bulls fed CG than MG maize. An interaction was detected for hot carcass weight which was 11 kg heavier for bulls fed BEO + AM v. MON in diets containing CG, but not MG particle size. In Expt 2, four ruminally cannulated Nellore steers were offered the same treatments as Expt 1, in a 4 × 4 Latin Square design. Intake of most nutrients was greater for steers fed CG than steers fed MG maize. In summary, feeding bulls CG maize increased growth performance and carcass characteristics compared with MG. The combination of BEO + AM resulted in heavier carcass weights compared with MON supplementation when included in diets containing CG maize.

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Performance, health and physiological responses of newly weaned feedlot cattle supplemented with feed-grade antibiotics or alternative feed ingredients

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

Productive and physiological responses of feeder cattle supplemented withYucca schidigeraextract during feedlot receiving1

Productive and physiological responses of feeder cattle supplemented withYucca schidigeraextract during feedlot receiving1

Astragalus root extract improved average daily gain, immunity, antioxidant status and ruminal microbiota of early weaned yak calves

Effects of alternative feed additives and flint maize grain particle size on growth performance, carcass traits and nutrient digestibility of finishing beef cattle

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