Performance evaluation of TSCH-minimal and orchestra scheduling in IEEE 802.15.4e networks

Mohamadi, Mohamed; Djamaa, Badis; Senouci, Mustapha Réda

doi:10.1109/isps.2018.8379007

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Finally, we add one more autonomous scheduling approach: the Orchestra Receiver Based Non-Storing mode (Orchestra RB/NS). We justify this in two ways: first, while Orchestra RB/NS has not been formally described in an individual publication yet, it has already been used in the research literature, e.g., by Mohamadi et al [24] and by Duquennoy et al [25]. Second, it is the default approach in the Contiki 2 and Contiki-NG 3 operating systems, and is the only one that is compatible with non-storing mode routing.…”

Section: B Search Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Empirical Survey of Autonomous Scheduling Methods for TSCH

Elsts

Kim

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) is a link layer protocol defined in the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Although it is designed to provide highly reliable and efficient service targeting industrial automation systems, scheduling TSCH transmissions in the time and frequency dimensions is left to the implementers. We evaluate the performance of existing autonomous scheduling approaches for TSCH on various traffic patterns and network configurations. We thoroughly investigate the pros and cons of each scheme; moreover, we propose the use of node based channel allocation to improve the performance of the best scheme, and demonstrate its practicality and reliability, with up to 6 percentage points better packet delivery ratio than the second best option while retaining a similar radio duty cycle. Finally, based on our extensive performance evaluation, we provide some guidelines on how to select a scheduler for a given network. INDEX TERMS IEEE 802.15.4, TSCH, autonomous scheduling, MAC, low-power wireless protocols.

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Section: B Search Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Empirical Survey of Autonomous Scheduling Methods for TSCH

Elsts

Kim

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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“…This paper focuses on analysing the advantages of software defined networks to guarantee strict QoS parameters in multi-flow environments. Different scenarios with industrial level characteristics are simulated using different TSCH schedulers that are available and have been extensively studied [18][19][20]. Performance is evaluated in terms of end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, deadline satisfaction ratio and power consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TSCH Multiflow Scheduling with QoS Guarantees: A Comparison of SDN with Common Schedulers

et al. 2021

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Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (IWSN) are becoming increasingly popular in production environments due to their ease of deployment, low cost and energy efficiency. However, the complexity and accuracy demanded by these environments requires that IWSN implement quality of service mechanisms that allow them to operate with high determinism. For this reason, the IEEE 802.15.4e standard incorporates the Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) protocol which reduces interference and increases the reliability of transmissions. This standard does not specify how time resources are allocated in TSCH scheduling, leading to multiple scheduling solutions. Schedulers can be classified as autonomous, distributed and centralised. The first two have prevailed over the centralised ones because they do not require high signalling, along with the advantages of ease of deployment and high performance. However, the increased QoS requirements and the diversity of traffic flows that circulate through the network in today’s Industry 4.0 environment require strict, dynamic control to guarantee parameters such as delay, packet loss and deadline, independently for each flow. That cannot always be achieved with distributed or autonomous schedulers. For this reason, it is necessary to use centralised protocols with a disruptive approach, such as Software Defined Networks (SDN). In these, not only is the control of the MAC layer centralised, but all the decisions of the nodes that make up the network are configured by the controller based on a global vision of the topology and resources, which allows optimal decisions to be made. In this work, a comparative analysis is made through simulation and a testbed of the different schedulers to demonstrate the benefits of a fully centralized approach such as SDN. The results obtained show that with SDN it is possible to simplify the management of multiple flows, without the problems of centralised schedulers. SDN maintains the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) levels of other distributed solutions, but in addition, it achieves greater determinism with bounded end-to-end delays and Deadline Satisfaction Ratio (DSR) at the cost of increased power consumption.

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