Performance Evaluation of Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells for Application in Four-Terminal Tandem Cells

Abstract

The efficiency of perovskite-based tandem solar cells and the respective efficiency gain over the single-junction operation of the bottom cell strongly depend on the performance of the component cells. Thus, a fair comparison of reported top cells is difficult. We therefore compute the tandem cell efficiency for the combination of several semitransparent perovskite top solar cells and crystalline silicon or chalcopyrite bottom cells from the literature. We focus on four-terminal configurations but also estimate and discuss the differences between four-and two-terminal configurations. For each top cell, we thereby determine the tandem cell performance as a function of the bottom cell efficiency, which results in a linear relationship. From these data, we extract two parameters to quantify the suitability of the top cell: (i) the slope of the tandem vs. bottom cell efficiency, which is the effective transparency of the top cell, and (ii) the tandem cell efficiency for a targeted bottom cell. These two figures of merit were calculated for a representative set of bottom cells and may serve for comparison of semitransparent perovskite top cells in the future.

Bimolecular Additives Improve Wide-Band-Gap Perovskites for Efficient Tandem Solar Cells with CIGS

“…By using the 1.68-eV semi-transparent top PSC and the CIGS bottom cell, the 4-T tandem device obtains a PCE of 25.9%, which is about 5.2% (absolute efficiency) higher than the standalone CIGS solar cell, and it is also significantly higher than the highest-reported single-junction CIGS solar cell. 10 Consistent with a recent analysis of 4-T perovskite and CIGS tandem devices, 59 our results suggest that both the improved top semi-transparent PSC and bottom CIGS cell contribute to the significantly enhanced 4-T tandem performance in this study.…”

Interface Molecular Engineering for Laminated Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells with 80.4% Fill Factor

“…Conversely, a matched J sc in the order of the J sc of the perovskite top cell could lead to a tandem cell with 24.4% power conversion efficiency. This value should be within reach given that silicon heterojunction/perovskite tandem solar cells with matched subcell currents greater 18 mA cm −2 have been reported …”

Low‐Bandgap Mixed Tin‐Lead Perovskites and Their Applications in All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

“…This light coupling layer is usually selected among transparent materials with a high refractive index . However, in order to simplify the fabrication process, researchers always stacked two subcells together directly with an air gap and did not consider the light coupling . 2‐T structure tandem cells are relatively difficult to fabricate due to the concerns of both optical and electrical properties between two subcells.…”