Performance evaluation of IEEE 802.15.7 CSK physical layer

Abstract

Colour Shift Keying (CSK) modulates the intensity of the multi-colour light emitting diodes (LEDs) for information transmission in visible light communication (VLC). Currently, no work has been published which details the performance of this standardised modulation scheme that can be used by the CSK developers as a baseline. In this work, the various colour band combinations (CBCs) of multilevel CSK are studied and their performance over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and the dispersive optical wireless channel is detailed. The analysis of the performance evaluation suggests that CSK has a spread of BER performance, i.e. all the colour band combinations do not have the same BER performance. For the AWGN channel, CBC-2 (CBC no. 2) has an electrical SNR gain of up to 2.5 dB over the other eight CBCs of CSK. The performance evaluation suggests that the CBC-2 is also the most robust CBC of CSK to be used over the dispersive optical channel.

Reproducing Single-Carrier Digital Modulation Schemes for VLC by Controlling the First Switching Harmonic of the DC–DC Power Converter Output Voltage Ripple

“…The first one is referred as Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) and considers each HB-LED as an independent transmitter, thus achieving three channels with a bandwidth of around 20 MHz for each one [20]- [25]. The second approach is known as Color-Shift Keying (CSK) and is a modulation scheme that transmits data by performing small variations of the light color [26]- [28].…”

“…In this case, the bit rate achieved is equal to fSW: 2 Mbps is achieved using fSW equal to 2 MHz. Since the bit rate achieved by the method proposed in this work depends on the specific singlecarrier digital modulation scheme that is reproduced, equation (26) must be considered to evaluate the figure-of-merit:…”

Space-time multichannel adaptive filtering scheme for VLC color cross-talk equalization

“…In ( is the LED's semi-angle at half-power. In (5), d lp is the physical distance between the l-th LED and p-th PD, A p is the physical area of the p − th detector, φ l is the angle of irradiance of the l-th LEDr, ψ p is the angle of incidence to the p-th PD. Still related to (4), ∆ LOS /T s is the T s -sampled delay (we recall that T s is the symbol period), of the LOS component, τ c is the time-constant of the exponentially decaying diffuse channel, while ζ is the diffuse channel gain given by ζ = (A p /A r oom )ρ/(1 − ρ) and A r oom the area of the room while ρ is the average reflectivity of the room surfaces.…”

Evaluation of the Effects of Hidden Node Problems in IEEE 802.15.7 Uplink Performance

“… PHY III : for applications with multiple optical transmitters and receivers working on different frequencies (colors). It uses the technique of modulation Color-Shift Keying (CSK) [ 34 ], with transmission rates from 12 Mbps to 96 Mbps. …”