Performance Enhancement of Tri‐Cation and Dual‐Anion Mixed Perovskite Solar Cells by Au@SiO₂ Nanoparticles

Abstract

Tri-cation and dual-anion mixed perovskites have been widely utilized in perovskite solar cell (PSC) applications due to their novel properties such as high absorption, high stability, and low cost. To commercialize the PSCs, further improving the device performance without detrimentally changing the device configuration is important at present. Herein, Au@SiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) are introduced to modify the interface between mesoporous TiO 2 (mp-TiO 2 ) and mixed perovskite with increased main photovoltaic parameters of the device, resulting in a ≈29% enhancement of power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 15.8% to 20.3%. The origins of the enhancement have been studied by exploring the optical absorption, optical power distribution, and charge carrier behaviors within the system. The small perturbation transient photovoltage measurement exhibits prolonged charge carrier lifetimes after the Au@SiO 2 NPs incorporation, and time of flight photoconductivity measurement shows that charge carrier mobilities of this system are also enhanced. These characteristics make metallic nanostructures a promising functional material in facile tuning of the charge carriers transport and further boosting the PCE of the PSCs.

Performances Enhancement in Perovskite Solar Cells by Incorporating Plasmonic Au NRs@SiO2 at Absorber/HTL Interface

“…Furthermore, Wang and Snaith have incorporated Au NPs into mesoporous Al 2 O 3 layer, but they proposed that the SPR effect has little influence on light absorption, and ascribed their IPCE enhancement to the improvement of charge separation. Recently, Ye et al incorporated Au NPs into absorber/HTL interface, and they found a more significant enhancements in all photovoltaic parameters mainly due to the improved mobility of the charge carriers . All these findings suggest that the SPR of metallic nanoparticles in PSCs strongly rely on the doping concentration and location, and the incorporating of Au NPs in bulk films requires large concentration to keep interval distance, which will cause worse device performance.…”

“…Due to the induced surface resonant of free electrons at a certain incident light, metallic nanoparticles exhibit a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and could also act as scattering centers . In the past few years, scientists have tried to incorporate gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) into PSCs to improve the light absorption and PCE .…”

“…Due to the induced surface resonant of free electrons at a certain incident light, metallic nanoparticles exhibit a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and could also act as scattering centers. [17][18][19][20] In the past few years, scientists have tried to incorporate gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) into PSCs to improve the light absorption and PCE. [21,22] Both Chen [21] and Park [22] have doped Au-NPs into the HTL, and their results indicate that the SPR effect could cause an incredible improvement in light absorption and photocurrent but accompanied with a slight decrease in photovoltage.…”

“…Recently, Ye et al incorporated Au NPs into absorber/HTL interface, and they found a more significant enhancements in all photovoltaic parameters mainly due to the improved mobility of the charge carriers. [19] All these findings suggest that the SPR of metallic nanoparticles in PSCs strongly rely on the doping concentration and location, and the incorporating of Au NPs in bulk films requires large concentration to keep interval distance, which will cause worse device performance. The SPR effects in PSCs could be further improved to boost a higher PCE.…”

Application of Au@SiO2 Plasmonic Nanoparticles at Interface of TiO2 Mesoporous Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells

“…An effective method has also been investigated in perovskite devices to achieve efficient performance by combinational use of Au NPs insulating by MgO [8]. Also, different amount of Au@SiO2 core-shell NPs have been deposited as a modifier of the mp-TiO2 layer in perovskite solar cells, and the enhanced in device performance and increase in light absorption are reported [9].…”