“…Many methods have been proposed to address this problem, such as cell splitting [1], channel borrowing [1], [3], channel sharing [4], dynamical channel allocation [5]- [7], new soft handover schemes [8], [9], etc. The applications of smart antennas in cellular networks are also widely investigated, such as [10]- [12]. However, most work related to traffic load balancing only focuses on different radio channel allocation schemes, and most work on smart antennas only considers the radio propagation channels within one cell.…”