Performance and Durability of a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Operating with Reformate: Effects of CO, CO2, and Other Trace Impurities

Du, Bin; Pollard, Richard; Elter, John F.; Ramani, M.P.S.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-85536-3_17

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The effects for both cases are the highest in the beginning of test and there is a slight recovery, especially at higher current densities at the end of the 24 h tests. This is inline with certain reports that, even though the net effect of N 2 dilution on the thermodynamic, kinetic, and mass-transport driving forces is approximately independent of the relative humidity, both the relative humidity and N 2 dilution affect the anode potential in the same way that water vapor also causes dilution effects [13,48,49]. Similar effects can be seen from the Nyquist polts in Figure 6b, which were recorded at the higher current density end of the polarization curves at 0.4 A/cm 2 .…”

Section: Poisoning Effects On An Ht-pemfc Stack With Post-doped Meassupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of Impurities on Pre-Doped and Post-Doped Membranes for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stacks

Araya

Thomas²,

Lotrič

et al. 2021

Energies

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In this paper, we experimentally investigated two high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) stacks for their response to the presence of reformate impurities in an anode gas stream. The investigation was aimed at characterizing the effects of reformate impurities at the stack level, including in humidified conditions and identifying fault features for diagnosis purposes. Two HT-PEMFC stacks of 37 cells each with active areas of 165 cm2 were used with one stack containing a pre-doped membrane with a woven gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the other containing a post-doped membrane with non-woven GDL. Polarization curves and galvanostatic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used for characterization. We found that both N2 dilution and impurities in the anode feed affected mainly the charge transfer losses, especially on the anode side. We also found that humidification alleviated the poisoning effects of the impurities in the stack with pre-doped membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) and woven GDL but had detrimental effects on the stack with post-doped MEAs and non-woven GDL. We demonstrated that pure and dry hydrogen operation at the end of the tests resulted in significant recovery of the performance losses due to impurities for both stacks even after the humidified reformate operation. This implies that there was only limited acid loss during the test period of around 150 h for each stack.

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Section: Poisoning Effects On An Ht-pemfc Stack With Post-doped Meassupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of Impurities on Pre-Doped and Post-Doped Membranes for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stacks

Araya

Thomas²,

Lotrič

et al. 2021

Energies

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“…Due to these high operating temperatures, CO tolerances up to 3% can be achieved [6,7]. Additional fuel gas impurities [8] (inorganic or organic, such as H 2 S or methanol) can be tolerated to a much higher concentration compared to low temperature fuel cells based on PFSA type [9,10] or hydrocarbon membranes [11,12]. As a consequence, the gas purification can be simplified in a fuel cell system using a fuel processor for reforming hydrocarbon-based fuels and additional gas purification such as shift-reaction zones or preferential CO oxidation stages can be avoided.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Simulated start–stop as a rapid aging tool for polymer electrolyte fuel cell electrodes

Hartnig

Schmidt

2011

Journal of Power Sources

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“…However, prolonged exposure to CO may cause irreversible degradation [11]. The poisoning effect of CO in HT-PEMFCs is reduced due to their higher operating temperature, where lower surface adsorption of CO on the Pt-surface combined with increased electro-oxidation of CO to CO 2 leads to a significant improvement in tolerance compared to LT-PEMFCs [3,11,15]. compare EIS measurements of different single cell sizes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Characterization of Reformate-operated High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stack

Sahlin

Araya

Andreasen³

et al. 2017

IJPER

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This paper presents an experimental characterization of a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) short stack carried out by means of impedance spectroscopy. Selected operating parameters; temperature, stoichiometry and reactant compositions were varied to investigate their effects on a reformate-operated stack. Polarization curves were also recorded to complement the impedance analysis of the researched phenomena. An equivalent circuit model was used to estimate the different resistances at varying parameters. It showed a significantly higher low frequency resistance at lower stoichiometry. Both anode and cathode stoichiometric ratio had significant effects on the stack performance during the dry hydrogen and reformate operation modes. In both cases the effects faded away when sufficient mass transport was achieved, which took place at λ anode = 1.3 for dry hydrogen, λ anode = 1.6 for reformate operation and λ cathode = 4. The work also compared dry hydrogen, steam reforming and autothermal reforming gas feeds at 160• C and showed appreciably lower performance in the case of autothermal reforming at the same stoichiometry, mainly attributable to mass transport related issues. In a CO poisoning analysis the stack showed good tolerance to concentration up to 1% CO in the fuel stream.

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Performance and Durability of a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Operating with Reformate: Effects of CO, CO2, and Other Trace Impurities

Cited by 19 publications

References 61 publications

Effects of Impurities on Pre-Doped and Post-Doped Membranes for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stacks

Effects of Impurities on Pre-Doped and Post-Doped Membranes for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stacks

Simulated start–stop as a rapid aging tool for polymer electrolyte fuel cell electrodes

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Characterization of Reformate-operated High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stack

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