Performance Analysis of Different Backoff Algorithms for WBAN-Based Emerging Sensor Networks

Abstract

The Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) procedure of IEEE 802.15.6 Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols for the Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) use an Alternative Binary Exponential Backoff (ABEB) procedure. The backoff algorithm plays an important role to avoid collision in wireless networks. The Binary Exponential Backoff (BEB) algorithm used in different standards does not obtain the optimum performance due to enormous Contention Window (CW) gaps induced from packet collisions. Therefore, The IEEE 802.15.6 CSMA/CA has developed the ABEB procedure to avoid the large CW gaps upon each collision. However, the ABEB algorithm may lead to a high collision rate (as the CW size is incremented on every alternative collision) and poor utilization of the channel due to the gap between the subsequent CW. To minimize the gap between subsequent CW sizes, we adopted the Prioritized Fibonacci Backoff (PFB) procedure. This procedure leads to a smooth and gradual increase in the CW size, after each collision, which eventually decreases the waiting time, and the contending node can access the channel promptly with little delay; while ABEB leads to irregular and fluctuated CW values, which eventually increase collision and waiting time before a re-transmission attempt. We analytically approach this problem by employing a Markov chain to design the PFB scheme for the CSMA/CA procedure of the IEEE 80.15.6 standard. The performance of the PFB algorithm is compared against the ABEB function of WBAN CSMA/CA. The results show that the PFB procedure adopted for IEEE 802.15.6 CSMA/CA outperforms the ABEB procedure.

Performance Evaluation of WBANs MAC Protocols in Different dBm and OMNet++

“…BanMAC is IEEE 802.15.6 for wireless body area transportations. That standard aims to stipulate numerous physical layers (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) layer protocols for the diversity of requests with numerous QoS needs [25].…”

Performance Evaluation of RTS/CTS Scheme in Beacon-Enabled IEEE 802.15.6 MAC Protocol for Wireless Body Area Networks

“…The authors observed that network throughput converges according to the system values, thus changing the time-saturation model to either saturated or non-saturation models. In [20], the authors introduced a novel and prioritized Fibonacci backoff scheme in IEEE 802.15.6 CSMA/CA to decrease node waiting time and number of collisions on the channel. By using a Markov chain, the authors observed that the proposed backoff scheme performs better than that of IEEE 802.15.6 in terms of throughput, power consumption, and head of line delay.…”

Energy-Efficient and Fast MAC Protocol in UAV-Aided Wireless Sensor Networks for Time-Critical Applications

“…If the CH senses the channel busy, it postpones its transmission by a random number that is back-off interval (0, CW i - 1), i ∈ n , where CW i is the contention window size for particular CH. The value of contention window depends on the number of retransmissions attempts and is given as in [ 39 ] where the minimum value of CW is given by CW min and CW max gives the maximum value of back-off window. If the CH fails to communicate with the UAV within a number of attempts, data packets are discarded and CH sleeps to save the energy.…”