Perforation Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel Plates at Various Temperatures

This paper presents a systematic study of the thermo-viscoplastic behavior of a 304 austenitic stainless steel (ASS). The experiments were conducted over a wide range of strain rates (10 − 3 s − 1 to 3270 s − 1) and temperatures (-163°C to 172°C), for which the deformation behavior of 304 ASS becomes more complex due to the straininduced martensitic transformation (SIMT) effect. Dynamic tests at low/elevated temperatures were conducted using the Hopkinson technique coupled with a cooling device/heating furnace, and temperature distribution within the specimen was verified to be uniform. Experimental results showed that the strain hardening rate of 304 ASS was strongly affected by SIMT effect. For quasi-static tests (10 − 3 s − 1 to 1 s − 1) at low temperatures (-163°C to-20°C), the stress-strain relations exhibited an S-shape and a second strain hardening phenomenon. The strain rate sensitivity and temperature sensitivity of 304 ASS were also different from metallic materials deformed by dislocation glide. Several unexpected phenomena including the negative strain rate sensitivity and the changing temperature sensitivity from quasi-static to dynamic tests were observed. Based on experimental results, an extension of the Rusinek-Klepaczko (RK) model considering SIMT effect was used to simulate the deformation behavior of 304 ASS: it predicted flow stress curves of 304 ASS above-60°C correctly. In addition, to validate the extended RK model and the identified model parameters, numerical simulations of ballistic impact tests of 304 ASS plates at various temperatures were carried out, showing a good agreement with experiments.

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“…The thermal conductivity k ( T ) and the specific heat C p ( T ) of 304 ASS may be found in [24] . The boundary conditions are defined in Eq.…”

Section: Calibration and Heat Transfer Modeling Of The Heating Furnacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-viscoplastic behavior of 304 austenitic stainless steel at various strain rates and temperatures: Testing, modeling and validation

Jia

Rusinek

Pesci

et al. 2020

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences

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“…The percentage of martensite depends in each case on the treatments applied [ 18 , 19 ]. Due to the martensitic transformation process, some authors [ 1 , 18 ] report an improvement of the mechanical properties (i.e., higher elastic limit, increased work hardening rate, and enhanced ductility), whereas others note that other properties (i.e., Young’s modulus) can deteriorate [ 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, WASP allows corrections on interface friction and adiabatic effects to determine the behavior of the material tested. More information about SHPB testing and the analytical approach presented previously can be found in [ 1 , 20 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Numerical Study of the Thermo-Viscoplastic Behavior of NICRO 12.1 for Perforation Tests

et al. 2020

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Dynamic impact tests using thin metal plates for ballistic characterization have received significant attention in recent years. The Johnson–Cook (J–C) model is extensively used in numerical modeling of impact and penetration in metals. The AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) 301 steel family presents good impact behavior, excellent formability, and high corrosion resistance. Thus, NICRO (Nickel and Hard Chrome Plated Steel) 12.1 (part of the AISI 301 steel family) was chosen in this work, although parameters of the J–C model or impact results were not found in the literature. In this work, NICRO 12.1 steel plates, were characterized in ballistics with an initial impact velocity up to 200 m/s and three shape nose projectiles. The Johnson–Cook parameters for the NICRO 12.1 steel were calculated for a large range of temperatures and strain rates. Impact tests were carried out using three projectiles: conical, hemispherical, and blunt. The ballistic curves, failure mode, and maximum deformation obtained with each projectile, experimentally and numerically, were compared, and a good correlation was obtained.

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“…A SHPB must be utilized to define the strain rate sensitivity for strain rates greater than 5000

[ 40 , 41 ] ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Description Of the Specimen And Hopkinson Bar Device Usinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Behavior of Aluminum Alloy Aw 5005 Undergoing Interfacial Friction and Specimen Configuration in Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar System at High Strain Rates and Temperatures

et al. 2020

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In this paper, experimental and numerical results of an aluminum alloy’s mechanical behavior are discussed. Over a wide range of strain rates (10−4 s−1 ≤ έ ≤ 103 s−1) the influence of the loading impact, velocity and temperature on the dynamic response of the material was analyzed. The interface friction effect on the material’s dynamic response is examined using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) in a high temperature experiment using finite element analysis (FEA). The effect of different friction conditions between the specimen and the transmitted/incident bars in the SHPB system was examined using cylinder bulk specimens and cylinder plates defined with four-layer configurations. The results of these tests alongside the presented numerical simulations allow a better understanding of the phenomenon and reduces (minimizes) errors during compression tests at high and low strain rates with temperatures ranging from 21 to 300 °C.

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Perforation Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel Plates at Various Temperatures

Cited by 12 publications

References 42 publications

Thermo-viscoplastic behavior of 304 austenitic stainless steel at various strain rates and temperatures: Testing, modeling and validation

Thermo-viscoplastic behavior of 304 austenitic stainless steel at various strain rates and temperatures: Testing, modeling and validation

Experimental and Numerical Study of the Thermo-Viscoplastic Behavior of NICRO 12.1 for Perforation Tests

Dynamic Behavior of Aluminum Alloy Aw 5005 Undergoing Interfacial Friction and Specimen Configuration in Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar System at High Strain Rates and Temperatures

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