Perfluorinated compounds in estuarine and coastal areas of north Bohai Sea, China

Abstract

a b s t r a c tPerfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in water, sediment, soil, and biota collected from estuarine and coastal areas of the north Bohai Sea, China, were determined by use of HPLC-MS/MS. Significant concentrations of PFCs were found in water (mean: 18.4 ng/l) and biologic samples (fish: 265 ng/g dw), while concentrations of PFCs in soils and sediments were less. The predominately detected compound was perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), with a maximum concentration of 30.9 ng/l in water and 791 ng/g dw in fish. Concentrations of PFCs were significantly greater in the Liaohe River system than other locations, which suggests point sources in this urbanized and industrialized region. PFOS concentrations in water and biota were both less than the reported threshold concentrations. Detection of PFCs at relatively great concentrations in various environmental matrices from this region suggested that further studies characterizing concentrations of PFCs, their sources and potential risk to both humans and wildlife are needed.

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in the lower atmosphere and surface waters of the Chinese Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and Yangtze River estuary

“…Several studies have reported on the PFAS-derived pollutions, especially PFOA and PFOS, along the Chinese coastline (Cai et al, 2012b;So et al, 2004;Wang et al, 2011). The composition of ionic PFASs in surface water was significantly different geographically.…”

Perfluoroalkyl substances in the Daling River with concentrated fluorine industries in China: seasonal variation, mass flow, and risk assessment

“…The fluorine chemical facilities along the Daling River are the major manufacture centers in North China. Previous studies in this area have reported the occurrence and wide distribution of PFASs in surface water, sediment, soil, and human serum (Bao et al 2011;Chen et al 2011;Wang et al 2011Wang et al , 2013. The transportation of PFASs in river system is considered as the main environmental transport way of PFASs.…”

Exploring the fate, transport and risk of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS) in a coastal region of China using a multimedia model

“…The median modeled PFOS concentrations in fresh water, fresh water sediment and soil were 7.20 ng/L, 0.39 ng/g and 0.21 ng/g, respectively, in ES2 for the whole region, while the maximum concentrations were 47.10 ng/L, 4.98 ng/g and 2.49 ng/g. Measured concentrations of PFOS in samples from this region collected around 2010 were collated from literature sources (Bao et al, 2009;Li et al, 2011;Lu et al, 2012;Pan et al, 2011;Shi et al, 2012;Sun et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2011;Yang et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2013). These data were compared with predicted concentrations in all emission scenarios as a preliminary model evaluation (Fig.…”

“…Much of the current research on PFOS risk analysis has focused on aquatic ecosystems, as they are the main receptor and transmission pathway for PFOS So et al, 2007;Steenland et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2012a;Wang et al, 2012b;Wang et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2012). In this study, the environmental risks of PFOS in this region were assessed by comparing the modeled concentrations with environmental quality criteria or standard values.…”

“…Concentrations of PFOS in air, vegetation, soil, fresh water, fresh water sediment and coastal water were derived from the modified model under the steady-state assumption. Measured concentrations of PFOS in the Bohai coastal region around the year of 2010 were collected from the literature (Bao et al, 2009;Li et al, 2011;Lu et al, 2012;Pan et al, 2011;Shi et al, 2012;Sun et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2012aWang et al, , 2012bWang et al, 2011;Yang et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2013). The reliability of model predictions was evaluated by comparison with available measured data.…”