Percutaneous prick test irritant threshold concentrations for eight allergens in healthy nonsedated dogs in the <scp>USA</scp>

Carnett, Matthew J.H.; Plant, Jon D.

doi:10.1111/vde.12514

Cited by 9 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In the study by Carnett and Plant performed in dogs, the authors reported the most appropriate concentration to be used when testing for pollen allergens in dogs. The authors reported a 1/20 dilution for this type of allergens, which is consistent with the concentration used in our study (17).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The earliest report in the literature on the use of SPT in dogs dates to 1991 (16), where authors found that IDT test reactions were identifiable and that the SPT tests did not give easily interpretable responses. Currently, only the work by Ballauf (16) reported the use of SPT in dogs suffering from dermal or respiratory problems, whereas two other studies reported the results of SPT in non-allergic dogs (17,18). More studies are warranted to evaluate the usefulness of SPT in the causative allergen detection of AD together with the correlation of the serum levels of specific IgE to each allergen tested (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Skin Prick-Test Reactions for Allergic Sensitization in Dogs With Clinical Symptoms Compatible With Atopic Dermatitis. A Pilot Study

2019

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Skin prick-test is the first choice for the detection of type I hypersensitivity in human atopic dermatitis. Canine atopic dermatitis resembles several symptoms of the disease in the human counterpart. In canine atopic dermatitis, intradermal testing is the test of choice, and there are few reports on the use of skin prick test (SPT) in dogs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate SPT reactions in atopic dogs and a healthy control group to 11 environmental allergens. Eleven glycerinated allergens were applied on the left lateral thorax of nine atopic dogs and nine healthy dogs. The skin was pricked with a feather lancet and evaluated for the positive percutaneous reaction at 5, 10, 15, and 20 min after the application of the allergens. Data were analyzed by the Shapiro-Wilk test to test for normal distribution. Data that did not meet normality were analyzed by a one-sided Wilcoxon ranked sum test with a p-value of 0.05. Six out of 9 atopic dogs tested positive for at least one of the allergens tested. None of the dogs in the control group showed a positive reaction to the allergens included in the test. Blomia tropicalis, Dermatophagoides farine, and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus exhibited the highest reaction rate among the group of atopic dogs. There was not a statistical difference in the histamine reaction (positive control) between both groups. In this set of dogs, the test exhibited a 100% specificity and a sensitivity of 66%. The use of skin prick-test in the detection of causative allergens of human atopic dermatitis has proved to be a sensitive and specific tool frequently used by human allergists. Due to the number of similarities in canine and human atopic dermatitis, this could be a valuable tool that needs intensive research in veterinary medicine. The published research so far correlates to the results obtained in this investigation. However, future studies evaluating the concordance between in vitro specific IgE antibody assays and SPT must be carried out simultaneously to validate the test.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Skin Prick-Test Reactions for Allergic Sensitization in Dogs With Clinical Symptoms Compatible With Atopic Dermatitis. A Pilot Study

2019

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“…95 The PPT is widely used in human allergology to test for allergic rhinitis, eczema, asthma and food allergy. 96,97 In small animal dermatology, very few studies have assessed the usefulness of PPT in dogs 98,99 and cats 93,100 with environmental allergies. In dogs, the first study 99 comparing IDT and PPT showed that IDT was much easier to interpret than PPT, and thus for more than two decades the PPT was abandoned.…”

Section: Intradermal Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…undiluted). 93,98 Once the patient is sedated, the lateral thorax is clipped and the sites for the "pricks" are marked. Then, a drop (0.05 mL) of the allergen (or control) is applied and introduced into the skin via the prick device.…”

Section: Intradermal Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical signs and diagnosis of feline atopic syndrome: detailed guidelines for a correct diagnosis

Santoro

Pucheu‐Haston

Prost

et al. 2021

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background-Feline atopic syndrome (FAS) describes a spectrum of hypersensitivity disorders characterised by highly diverse clinical presentations including skin, gastrointestinal and respiratory systems. Among these disorders is feline atopic skin syndrome (FASS), in which hypersensitivity is typically associated with environmental allergens, although food allergy may coexist. Involvement of other organ systems (e.g. asthma) also may occur. Because of its highly heterogeneous clinical presentation, diagnosis of FASS can be challenging. Objectives-A subgroup of the International Committee on Allergic Diseases of Animals was tasked to summarise the most current information on the clinical presentations of FASS and to develop diagnostic guidelines. Methods and materials-Online citation databases and abstracts from international meetings were searched for publications related to feline allergic conditions. These were combined with expert opinion where necessary. Results-A total of 107 publications relevant to this review were identified. Compilation of these data enabled development of a detailed description of the clinical features of FASS and development of guidelines focusing on systematic elimination of other skin conditions with similar clinical characteristics. As allergen tests are frequently used by dermatologists to support a clinical diagnosis of FASS, a brief review of these methodologies was also performed. Conclusions and clinical importance-In a similar way to atopic dermatitis in dogs, FASS is a clinical diagnosis based on the presence of compatible clinical signs and exclusion of other diseases with similar clinical features. Elimination or exclusion of fleas/flea allergy, other parasites, infections and food allergy is mandatory before reaching a diagnosis of FASS.

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Combined prick and patch tests for diagnosis of food hypersensitivity in dogs with chronic pruritus

Possebom

Cruz

Gmyterco

et al. 2022

Veterinary Dermatology

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Background -Previous studies have shown that patch testing with food extracts can assist formulation of elimination diets (ED) in human patients with suspected adverse food reactions (AFR). Little is known about the use of these tests in dogs.Objectives -To evaluate the effectiveness of a combination of prick and patch testing in current protocols, and food challenge (FC) tests in dogs with AFR.Methods and materials -Prick and patch tests were performed on 21 dogs with chronic, nonseasonal pruritus. Dogs then were fed an ED formulated on the basis of the results. All dogs with improved clinical signs then were challenged with a food to which there had been a positive reaction in the tests. Six dogs subsequently were challenged with a food to which they had been negative on testing. Pruritus Visual Analog Scale (pVAS) and Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index, 4th iteration (CADESI-04) were evaluated on Day (D)0, D30 and D60 of the ED. Sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values, and the Kappa (j)value were calculated.Results -Of the 21 dogs, there was a significant mean improvement in pVAS and CADESI-04 scores in 16 (76%) dogs after D30 (P < 0.01) and D60 (P < 0.01) of the ED. There were no statistical differences between D30 and D60. The combination of tests had SE, SP, PPV, NPV and j values of 80%, 66.7%, 66.7%, 80% and -0.17, respectively.Conclusions and clinical relevance -The combination of prick and patch testing reached high values of SE and NPV. A diagnosis of AFR was made in 76% of the dogs, and test results were useful for the selection of an ED.

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Percutaneous prick test irritant threshold concentrations for eight allergens in healthy nonsedated dogs in the USA

Abstract: These results suggest that the pollen allergens evaluated in this study can be used for PT at their undiluted concentration (1:20 w/v) with a reasonable assurance of few false positive reactions in dogs. Dust mites require dilution for testing at the ITC.

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of Skin Prick-Test Reactions for Allergic Sensitization in Dogs With Clinical Symptoms Compatible With Atopic Dermatitis. A Pilot Study

Evaluation of Skin Prick-Test Reactions for Allergic Sensitization in Dogs With Clinical Symptoms Compatible With Atopic Dermatitis. A Pilot Study

Clinical signs and diagnosis of feline atopic syndrome: detailed guidelines for a correct diagnosis

Combined prick and patch tests for diagnosis of food hypersensitivity in dogs with chronic pruritus

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