Percutaneous Absorption: Controlled Drug Delivery For Topical or Systemic Therapy

Shaw, Jane E.; Chandrasekaran, Saravan Kumar; Campbell, P. S.

doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12544519

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The finding that scopolamine had a substantial flux through excised human skin (Michaels et al ., ) led to a follow‐up study in which the mechanism by which scopolamine penetrated the stratum corneum was studied in more depth (Chandrasekaran et al ., ). This 1970s work culminated in the Alza Corporation developing a transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) for prevention and treatment of motion‐induced nausea designed to provide controlled administration of scopolamine through the surface of the skin, such that the system governed drug input kinetics to the systemic circulation (Shaw et al ., 1975; 1976). Studies were performed to locate a highly permeable skin site.…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdermal patches: history, development and pharmacology

Pastore

Kalia

Horstmann³

et al. 2015

British J Pharmacology

412

279

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Transdermal patches are now widely used as cosmetic, topical and transdermal delivery systems. These patches represent a key outcome from the growth in skin science, technology and expertise developed through trial and error, clinical observation and evidence-based studies that date back to the first existing human records. This review begins with the earliest topical therapies and traces topical delivery to the present-day transdermal patches, describing along the way the initial trials, devices and drug delivery systems that underpin current transdermal patches and their actives. This is followed by consideration of the evolution in the various patch designs and their limitations as well as requirements for actives to be used for transdermal delivery. The properties of and issues associated with the use of currently marketed products, such as variability, safety and regulatory aspects, are then described. The review concludes by examining future prospects for transdermal patches and drug delivery systems, such as the combination of active delivery systems with patches, minimally invasive microneedle patches and cutaneous solutions, including metered-dose systems.

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Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdermal patches: history, development and pharmacology

Pastore

Kalia

Horstmann³

et al. 2015

British J Pharmacology

412

279

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recently there has been a growing recognition that the benefits of intravenous infusion can be closely duplicated without its hazards, by using the intact skin as the port of drug administration to provide continuous drug delivery into the systemic circulation [1]. This is known as the transdermal administration and the drug delivery systems are known as "transdermal therapeutic systems" or popularly as "transdermal patches".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdermal Drug Delivery System: An Update of Upcoming Evolution

Gunisetty¹,

Balagani²

2016

JCP

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These days about 74% of drugs are taken orally and are found not to be as effective as desired. To improve such characters transdermal drug delivery system was emerged. Delivery of drugs through the skin has been always a challenging area for research due to barrier properties exhibit by the outermost layer of skin stratum corneum. In the last two decades, the transdermal drug delivery system has become a proven technology that offers significant clinical benefits over other dosage forms. Because transdermal drug delivery offers controlled as well as predetermined rate of release of the drug into the patient, it able to maintain steady state blood concentration. Several important advantages of transdermal drug delivery are limitation of hepatic first pass metabolism, enhancement of therapeutic efficiency and maintenance of steady plasma level of the drug. It's a desirable form of drug delivery because of the obvious advantages e.g. convenient and pain-free self-administration for patients, and the GI tract for poorly bioavailable drugs over other routes of delivery. The outlook for continued growth of the TDD market is very optimistic. Transdermal drug delivery has made an important contribution to medical practice, but has yet to fully achieve its potential as an alternative to oral delivery and hypodermic injections. The main disadvantage to transdermal delivery systems stems from the fact that the skin is a very effective barrier; as a result, only medications whose molecules are small enough to penetrate the skin can be delivered in this method. This review emphasizes the three generations of transdermal drug delivery which start a new era of delivery of drug.

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“…Recently, it has been recognized that the benefits of intravenous drug infusion can be closely duplicated by continuous administration of drug through the intact skin without using a hypodermic needle and the potential hazards associated with its use (SHAW et al 1976b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%