Perceptual Bias for Forward-Facing Motion

McBeath, Michael K.; Morikawa, Kaoru; Kaiser, Mary K.

doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1992.tb00048.x

Cited by 67 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Halpern and Kelly (1993) did not find a typicalvelocity effect. In the apparent motion study, a typicaldirection effect was found, but its influence was weaker than the pointedness effect (McBeath et al, 1992). These findings might imply that knowledge about object-specific motions has a weaker influence on RM than does the pointedness of objects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

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The pointedness effect on representational momentum

Nagai

Yagi

2001

Memory & Cognition

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An observer's memory for the final position of a moving object is shifted forward in the direction of that object's motion. It is called representational momentum (RM). This study addressed stimulusspecific effects on RM. In Experiment 1, participants showed larger memory shift for an object moving in its typical direction of motion than when it moved in a nontypical direction of motion. In Experiment 2, participants indicated larger memory shift for a pointed pattern moving in the direction of its point than when it moved in the opposite direction. In Experiment 3, we again examined the influences of knowledge about objects' typical motions and the pointedness of objects, because we did not control the shape (pointedness) of objects in Experiment 1. The results showed that only pointedness affected the magnitude of memory shift and that the effect was smaller than the momentum effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…A pointedness effect was also found in an apparent motion study (McBeath, Morikawa, & Kaiser, 1992) and in a study of memory distortion by static stimuli (Freyd & Pantzer, 1995). These findings suggested that the pointedness of objects influences the perceptual system and, hence, RM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

The pointedness effect on representational momentum

Nagai

Yagi

2001

Memory & Cognition

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“…When an object was misaligned with its trajectory by 15 degrees to the right, for example, the judgment was biased by about 10 degrees to the right from the true trajectory. Other research has similarly demonstrated that direction judgments can be biased by orientation (Freyd & Finke, 1984;McBeath, Morikawa, & Kaiser, 1992;Palmer, 1980;Werkhoven, Snippe, & Koenderink, 1990;). Freyd (1983) demonstrated that just the structure of an object can imply motion that makes people perceive the last position of a moving object to be displaced in the direction implied by the orientation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tracking objects that move where they are headed

Jardine

Seiffert

2011

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Previous work has demonstrated that the ability to keep track of moving objects is improved when the objects have unique visual features, such as color or shape. In the present study, we investigated how orientation information is used during the tracking of objects. Orientation is an interesting feature to explore in moving objects because it is directional and is often informative of the direction of motion. Most objects move forward, in the direction they are oriented. In the present experiments, participants tracked a subset of moving isosceles triangles whose orientations were constant, related, or unrelated to the direction of motion. In the standard multiple object tracking (MOT) task, tracking performance improved when orientations were unique and remained constant, but not when orientation and direction of motion were aligned. In the target recovery task, in which MOT was interrupted by a brief blanking of the display, performance did improve when orientation and direction were aligned. In the final experiment, results showed that orientation was not used before the blank to predict future target locations, but was instead used after the blank. We concluded that people use orientation to compare a stored representation to target position for recovery of lost targets.

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“…Analysing the reasons for that are not easy given the present data, but one possibility is that most individuals, regardless of handedness, tend to scan from left to right (see, for instance, Ebersbach et al, 1996, who suggest that initial visual exploration usually begins on the left). That may of course be secondary in part to reading direction (Chokron, Bartolomeo, Perenin, Helft, & Imbert, 1998;Dobel, Diesendruck, & Bö lte, 2007;Fagard & Dahmen, 2003), or perhaps to a bias in perception of forward-facing motion (which has been suggested to relate to perception of the duckÁrabbit figure; see McBeath, Morikawa, & Kaiser, 1992), but even so, as one referee pointed out to us, it should still mean that the more duck-like Wittgenstein figure should be seen more as a rabbit when laterally reversed, as in Figure 3. To our eye it does not, primarily looking like a duck either way, but that would benefit from formal testing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%