Perception of urge-to-cough and dyspnea in healthy smokers with decreased cough reflex sensitivity

Kanezaki, Masashi; Ebihara, Satoru; Nikkuni, Etsuhiro; Gui, Peijun; Suda, Chihiro; Ebihara, Takae; Yamasaki, Makari; Kohzuki, Masahiro

doi:10.1186/1745-9974-6-1

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The presence of regurgitated fluid in the mouth plus coughing suggests that microaspiration is possible or may have already occurred. Conversely, smokers had significantly less coughing than nonsmokers suggesting blunting of their cough reflex [44]. Thus, heightened vigilance to protect against microaspiration may be warranted in smokers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Prospective Description of Coughing, Hemodynamic Changes, and Oxygen Desaturation During Endoscopic Sedation

2012

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Prospective Description of Coughing, Hemodynamic Changes, and Oxygen Desaturation During Endoscopic Sedation

2012

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“…; Kanezaki et al. ). Briefly, subjects inhaled each citric acid aerosol dissolved in saline under tidal breathing for 1 min (Gui et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Kanezaki et al. ). In brief, the subject breathed through the previously described apparatus using a unidirectional Hans‐Rudolph valve with linear inspiratory resistances (R) of 0, 10, 20 and 30 cmH 2 O/L/s (Kikuchi et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Gender differences in the effect of urge-to-cough and dyspnea on perception of pain in healthy adults

et al. 2014

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Previous studies have reported that respiratory sensations, such as urge‐to‐cough and dyspnea, have an inhibitory effect on pain. Considering the existence of gender differences in both urge‐to‐cough and pain, it is conceivable that a gender difference also exists in the analgesia induced by urge‐to‐cough. In this study, we evaluated gender differences in the pain perception response to urge‐to‐cough, as well as to dyspnea. Twenty‐seven male and 26 female healthy nonsmokers were originally enrolled. Citric acid challenge was used to induce the urge‐to‐cough sensation, and dyspnea was elicited by inspiratory loaded breathing. Before and during inductions of these two respiratory sensations, perception of pain was assessed by the thermal pain threshold, and differences between men and women were compared. The thermal pain threshold in women (43.83 ± 0.17°C) was significantly lower than that in men (44.75 ± 0.28°C; P < 0.05) during the baseline period. Accompanying increases in both citric acid concentration and inspiratory resistive load, thermal pain threshold values significantly increased in both men and women. The average thermal pain threshold changes for comparable increases in the urge‐to‐cough Borg score were parallel between men and women. Furthermore, the mean value of the thermal pain threshold plotted against the dyspnea Borg score also showed no significant gender difference. These results demonstrate that although gender differences exist in respiratory sensations, that is, urge‐to‐cough and dyspnea, the inhibitory effects of these respiratory sensations on the perception of pain are not significantly different between the sexes.

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“…Kokyu-konnan was not defined any further, but the subjects were instructed to avoid rating non-respiratory sensations, such as headache or pharynx irritation. 16 …”

Section: Exercise Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distractive Auditory Stimuli Alleviate the Perception of Dyspnea Induced by Low-Intensity Exercise in Elderly Subjects With COPD

2015

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BACKGROUND: Although recent studies have shown that distractive auditory stimuli (DAS) in the form of music increase adherence to exercise in subjects with COPD, the effect of DAS on dyspnea induced by low-intensity, constant-load exercise in elderly patients with COPD has not been elucidated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of DAS on the perception of dyspnea induced by low-intensity, constant-load exercise in elderly subjects with COPD. METHODS: We enrolled 16 male out-patients with COPD. Subjects completed cycling exercises with and without DAS at 40% maximum oxygen consumption. They were asked to rate their perception of dyspnea using the modified Borg scale every 3 min during exercise and every 1 min during the recovery period. RESULTS: Dyspnea perception during low-intensity exercise showed a significant correlation between the exercise condition (DAS and control) and exercise duration (P ‫؍‬ .04). Exercise-induced dyspnea perception under the DAS condition was significantly lower than that under the control condition from 18 min after the start of exercise to 3 min after the end of exercise (18, 20, 21, 22, and 23 min, P ‫؍‬ .01, P < .001, P ‫؍‬ .009, P ‫؍‬ .006, and P ‫؍‬ .006, respectively). However, oxygen consumption and ventilation in response to low-intensity exercise did not significantly differ in the DAS and control conditions (P ‫؍‬ .39 and .14, respectively) CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that DAS is a non-pharmacologic therapy that can be used to reduce the dyspneic sensation in elderly patients with COPD.

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Perception of urge-to-cough and dyspnea in healthy smokers with decreased cough reflex sensitivity

Cited by 22 publications

References 38 publications

Prospective Description of Coughing, Hemodynamic Changes, and Oxygen Desaturation During Endoscopic Sedation

Prospective Description of Coughing, Hemodynamic Changes, and Oxygen Desaturation During Endoscopic Sedation

Gender differences in the effect of urge-to-cough and dyspnea on perception of pain in healthy adults

Distractive Auditory Stimuli Alleviate the Perception of Dyspnea Induced by Low-Intensity Exercise in Elderly Subjects With COPD

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