Perception and health care seeking towards dysmenorrhea among female students at Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia

Effect of Pilates Exercises on Primary Dysmenorrhea among Adolescent Female Students

“…-All completed sheet have been reviewed by the researchers. It was found that (262) students were complained from dysmenorrhea with moderate and severe intensity that corresponds well to the characteristics of primary dysmenorrhea indicated in the recent literature review (1,8,9,18) . -A simple random technique was used in this study to ensured obtaining a represented sample of first year faculty nursing students.…”

“…To achieve the aim of the study the following two tools were used for data collection: Tool (I): Self-administered sheet: This tool was developed by the researchers after reviewing of the related literature (1,8,9,18) . and was used to collect basic data about the students.…”

“…-Tool I and Tool II (Part II) was developed by the researchers after the extensive review of the relevant and recent literatures (1,8,9,18) . Then, it was validated by Vol.…”

“…The term dysmenorrhea is derived from the Greek words dys means difficult, painful or abnormal, meno means month and rrhea means flow (4,5) , which is one of the most commonly gynecological symptoms as it's reported incidences in Egypt were 87.5% and 92.9% in 2017 and 2018, respectively (6,7) . Moreover, in Sri Lanka it was 97.7% in 2021 and in Saudi Arabia the estimated incidence was 90.5% in 2022 (8,9) . Generally, dysmenorrhea is classified into two broad categories primary and secondary.…”

“…3 (Suppl) ,August 2022 any pelvic pathology and usually begins when ovulatory cycles started. On the other hand, secondary dysmenorrhea is a painful menstruation, which is associated with pelvic pathology such as; endometriosis, ovarian cysts or tumors and cervical stenosis that commonly occurs after 30 years old (6,9,10). Actually, primary dysmenorrhea (PD) begins on the first day of menstruation and reaches its maximum within 24 hours.…”