Perceiving People

Towards a synthetic model of own group biases in face memory

“…That said, there is strong evidence that such visually marked categories are extracted more efficiently than is identity information (see Macrae & Quadflieg, 2010). For example, visual noise more strongly degrades identity recognition than category recognition, even for well-known exemplars (Cloutier et al, 2005).…”

“…The Categorization-Individuation Model begins with the well-validated finding that person perception can occur with two different attentional foci*categorization or individuation (Brewer, 1988;Macrae & Quadflieg, 2010). Whereas categorization involves a focus on shared characteristics among a class of exemplars (i.e., category-diagnostic information), individuation involves an attentional focus on target characteristics unique to a particular exemplar (i.e., identity-diagnostic information).…”

People perception: Social vision of groups and consequences for organizing and interacting

“…One challenge for a people perception framework, as opposed to person perception models (see Macrae & Quadflieg, 2010 for a recent review), is to explain how diverse visual information involving different objects (i.e., people) is integrated into an impression of a single object (i.e., a group). Work in the vision sciences has demonstrated that in order to efficiently process vast amounts of lowlevel perceptual information, humans make use of processes in the brain and visual system that statistically track the surrounding environment (e.g., Fiser & Aslin, 2001;Maloney, 2002;Turk-Browne, Junge, & Scholl, 2005).…”

“…The past several decades of person perception research have revealed a great deal about the processes, characteristics, and outcomes associated with seeing other individuals (see Macrae & Quadflieg, 2010 for a review). It is now clear, for example, that facial features are automatically encoded in terms of social categories (e.g., race, gender, age), mental states (e.g., emotions, intentions), and traits (e.g., warmth, dominance, trustworthiness, competence; Fiske, Cuddy, & Glick, 2007;Ito & Urland, 2003;Oosterhof & Todorov, 2008;Todorov, 2012).…”

Intergroup Relations

“…Social cognition researchers describe how perceptual cues, in particular distinctive visual cues (Brewer & Lui, 1989 ;Zebrowitz, 1996 ), cause us to categorize people and imbue them with the attributes that are described by our schema of that group (see Macrae & Quadfl ieg, 2010 ). The entire process can be slow and deliberate, but in general it is fast and automatic (Fiske & Neuberg, 1990 ).…”