Perceived velocity of moving chromatic gratings

Cavanagh, Patrick; Tyler, Christopher W.; Favreau, Olga Eizner

doi:10.1364/josaa.1.000893

Cited by 368 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The same advantage held for color discrimination when the stimuli were displayed in the fovea, ensuring that this result was not based on potential luminance artifacts. This result is surprising because pursuit initiation relies on visual motion processing, and color and motion were treated as being independent for a long time (e.g., Cavanagh, Tyler, & Favreau, 1984;Ramachandran & Gregory, 1978). Newer work shows that chromatic motion can be seen, even though it is processed differently (Gegenfurtner & Hawken, 1996), presumably by a mechanism tuned to slow speeds, and mediated by attention (Cavanagh, 1992;Lu & Sperling, 1995).…”

Section: Visual Sensitivity During Pursuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction Between Vision and Eye Movements

Gegenfurtner

2016

Perception

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The existence of a central fovea, the small retinal region with high analytical performance, is arguably the most prominent design feature of the primate visual system. This centralization comes along with the corresponding capability to move the eyes to reposition the fovea continuously. Past research on visual perception was mainly concerned with foveal vision while the observers kept their eyes stationary. Research on the role of eye movements in visual perception emphasized their negative aspects, for example, the active suppression of vision before and during the execution of saccades. But is the only benefit of our precise eye movement system to provide high acuity of the small foveal region, at the cost of retinal blur during their execution? In this review, I will compare human visual perception with and without saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements to emphasize different aspects and functions of eye movements. I will show that the interaction between eye movements and visual perception is optimized for the active sampling of information across the visual field and for the calibration of different parts of the visual field. The movements of our eyes and visual information uptake are intricately intertwined. The two processes interact to enable an optimal perception of the world, one that we cannot fully grasp by doing experiments where observers are fixating a small spot on a display.

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Section: Visual Sensitivity During Pursuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction Between Vision and Eye Movements

Gegenfurtner

2016

Perception

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“…Much of the debate has been based on subjective observations about the appearance of motion in such patterns (Cavanagh & Anstis, 1991;Cavanagh, Tyler & Favreau, 1984;Krauskopf & Farell, 1990;Ramachandran & Gregory, 1978), and about perceptual aftereffects (Derrington & Badcock, 1985a;Mullen & Baker, 1985). However the issues have also been addressed using psychophysical discrimination measurements (Lindsey 8z Teller, 1990;Troscianko & Fahle, 1988).…”

Section: Contribution Of Chromatic Mechanisms To Motion Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ramachandran and Gregory (1978) concluded that "colour and motion are handled separately by the human visual system and that colour provides only a weak "cue" at best to motion perception". More recently it has been shown that moving colour patterns elicit percepts very similar to those elicited by moving luminance patterns, although the impression of motion they elicit may not be so robust: the apparent speed of moving colour gratings is lower than that of luminance gratings (Cavanagh et al, 1984), even to the point that adding colour to a luminance grating reduces its apparent speed of motion. However, prolonged viewing of equiIuminant coloured gratings induces a normal motion-after-effect (MAE) in the form of an impression of motion in the opposite direction to that of the pattern with has been viewed (Cavanagh & Favreau, 1985;Derrington & Badcock, 1985a;Mullen & Baker, 1985).…”

Section: Contribution Of Chromatic Mechanisms To Motion Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting and discriminating the direction of motion of luminance and colour gratings

Derrington¹,

Henning

1993

Vision Research

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Human observers were required to discriminate the direction of motion of vertically moving, 1 c/deg luminance and colour gratings. The gratings had different contrasts and moved at temporal frequencies between 0.5 and 32 Hz. Sensitivity [the reciprocal of the contrast at which performance reached 75% correct in a temporal two-alternative forced-choice (2 AFC) discrimination task] was a band-pass function of temporal frequency for luminance gratings, and a low-pass function of temporal frequency for colour gratings. Further, when colour contrast was expressed in terms of the modulation in cone excitation produced by the stimulus, sensitivity to colour gratings was greater than sensitivity to luminance gratings at frequencies below 2 Hz. On the other hand, at temporal frequencies above 4 Hz, sensitivity to colour gratings was comparable with sensitivity to luminance gratings of double the temporal frequency. Research, 30, 1751-17611 who used a smaller stimulus seen in a parafoveal region and found that motion discrimination thresholds were higher than detection threshold for colour gratings. We repeated our threshold measurements using parafoveal viewing conditions similar to those used by Lindsey and Teller (1990). We found that, although for luminance gratings detection thresholds were very close to direction-discrimination thresholds, for colour gratings, they were lower. The result is in qualitative agreement with Lindsey and Teller (1990). Our results suggest that low-level, or "first-order" motion mechanisms are not as sensitive to chromatic gratings as are colour-detection mechanisms.

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“…Parameters of motion standstill. Motion standstill has been observed in isoluminant color motion (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8), stroboscopic motion (9-15), motion adaptation (16)(17)(18)(19)(20), and stereo motion (21). The temporal frequency range in which motion standstill is most frequently reported is Ͻ6 Hz, well within the range in which motion is easily detected.…”

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confidence: 92%

When motion appears stopped: Stereo motion standstill

Tseng¹,

Gobell²,

Lü³

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Motion standstill is different from the usual perceptual experiences associated with objects in motion. In motion standstill, a pattern that is moving quite rapidly is perceived as being motionless, and yet its details are not blurred but clearly visible. We revisited motion standstill in dynamic random-dot stereograms similar to those first used by Julesz and Payne [Julesz B, Payne R (1968) Vision Res 8:433-444]. Three improvements were made to their paradigm to avoid possible confounds: The temporal frequency of the motion stimuli was manipulated independently from that of individual stereo gratings so that the failure of motion perception is not due to inability to compute stereo. The motion of the stereo gratings was continuous across the visual field so that the perceived pattern in motion standstill was not a simple average of a back-and-forth display wobble over time. Observers discriminated three spatial frequencies to demonstrate pattern recognition. Three objective psychophysical methods, instead of merely selfreport, were used to objectively demonstrate motion standstill. Our results confirm that motion standstill occurs in dynamic random-dot stereogram motion displays at 4 -6 Hz. Motion standstill occurs when the stimulus spatiotemporal frequency combination exceeds that of the salience-based third-order motion system in a spatiotemporal frequency range in which the shape and depth systems still function. The ability of shape systems to extract a representative image from a series of moving samples is a significant component of a biological system's ability to derive a stable perceptual world from a constantly changing visual environment.illusions ͉ perception ͉ psychophysics ͉ stereopsis ͉ vision

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Perceived velocity of moving chromatic gratings

Cited by 368 publications

References 13 publications

The Interaction Between Vision and Eye Movements

The Interaction Between Vision and Eye Movements

Detecting and discriminating the direction of motion of luminance and colour gratings

When motion appears stopped: Stereo motion standstill

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