Perceived stress in HIV-infected individuals: Physiological and psychological correlates

Hand, Gregory A.; Phillips, K.D.; Dudgeon, Wesley D.

doi:10.1080/09540120600568376

Cited by 54 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This is still better sleep than recently reported in another sample of slightly younger adults with HIV, where the mean PSQI score was 12.3 and all subjects were above the cut-point of 5. 31 The majority of subjects in that study were African American.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Types of Sleep Problems in Adults Living with HIV/AIDS

Lee

Gay

Portillo

et al. 2012

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

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Objective: To characterize specifi c types of sleep problems experienced by adults with HIV. Method: The design was cross-sectional involving sleep questionnaires, diaries, and wrist actigraphy. The convenience sample included 290 adults living with HIV, 22-77 years of age. Measures included self-report for sleep onset latency, and wrist actigraphy estimates of total sleep time at night, wake after sleep onset, and daytime sleep. Results: Nearly half (45%) of the sample slept < 6 h per night. Diffi culty falling asleep was reported by 34%, and 56% had fragmented sleep according to actigraphy; 20% had both problems, and 30% were good sleepers. Participants reporting diffi culty falling asleep had actigraphy and clinical measures similar to the good sleepers, but subjectively they experienced greater sleep disturbance and symptom burden (particularly anxiety and morning fatigue) and reported more use of sleep medication. Participants with fragmented sleep reported low levels of sleep disturbance and symptom burden similar to the good sleepers, despite actigraphy measures indicating they obtained less sleep both at night and during the day. Sleep fragmentation was also associated with sociodemographic factors and slightly lower CD4+ T-cell counts. Participants reporting both sleep problems had actigraphy and clinical profi les similar to those who had only fragmented sleep, but their symptom experience was similar to participants with only sleep initiation diffi culties. Types of Sleep Problems in Adults Living with HIV/AIDS S C I E N T I F I C I N V E S T I G A T I O N SS leep problems affect about 30% of the population in the United States and are associated with higher healthcare utilization and use of sleep medication, as well as poor work performance and mood disorders.1 Adults living with a chronic illness are at higher risk for sleep problems, and depending on the definition, sleep problems are experienced by 30% to 100% of HIVpositive adults. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] It is unclear what type of sleep problem adults with HIV experience, or whether their sleep disturbance is related to the infection itself or to the medical treatment and side effects of medications. Sleep disturbance is not only prevalent, but also one of the more intense and distressful symptoms experienced in this population. [8][9][10] In HIV infection, poor sleep has been associated with disease progression, medication therapy, employment status, and lack of knowledge about behaviors that promote good sleep. [11][12][13][14] The specifi c type of sleep disturbance experienced by this population needs to be better understood in order to provide the most effective intervention to improve symptoms, daytime functioning, and quality of life. 8,[15][16][17][18] Fragmented sleep occurs in chronic health conditions and may not even be perceived by the patient. 19,20 With this type of sleep loss, it is rare to fi nd complaints of initiation insomnia, but complaints of daytime sleepiness or fatigue are common and can lead to diffi culty concentrat...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Types of Sleep Problems in Adults Living with HIV/AIDS

Lee

Gay

Portillo

et al. 2012

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

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“…It has been shown in research conducted to determine the relationship between the spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sleep disorders, that such disturbances are symptoms often reported at the beginning of the infection by HIV and which continue throughout its changes to AIDS 3 . Symptoms of anxiety in HIV infected patients are related to the uncertainties about the evolution of the disease, its clinical course, fears related to pains, suffering, body decay, treatment and death 4 .…”

Section: Dr Rubens Reimão -Rua Dos Bogarís 38 -04047-020 São Paulo Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Women living with HIV/AIDS: sleep impairment, anxiety and depression symptoms

Junqueira

Bellucci

Rossini

et al. 2008

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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-Objective: To evaluate sleep impairment, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and associations with sleep characteristics of sleep in female HIV/AIDS patients. Method: 30 female patients with HIV/AIDS were evaluated along with 30 female controls with a mean age of 35.4 years in the study group and 33.1 years in the control group, with: a) the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; b) the Beck Anxiety Inventory; c) the Beck Depression Inventory. Results: Sleep quality was more impaired in AIDS patients than in those with HIV+ or in controls. The AIDS patients showed more symptoms of anxiety. There were associations of sleep impairment with anxiety in HIV+ patients; whereas in AIDS patients associations were found between sleep impairment and depression. Conclusion: There was sleep quality in the presence of symptoms of anxiety and depression. In HIV+ patients, sleep impairment was associated with anxiety, while in AIDS patients sleep impairment was associated with depression.

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“…The CES-D has been used in evaluating mood in persons living with HIV (Balfour et al 2006;Knowlton et al 2001). The scale yielded internal coefficients of 0.92 and 0.94 in studies including persons living with HIV (Balfour et al 2006;Hand et al 2006;Massad et al 2011). In our study, this scale yielded a high degree of internal consistency with a coefficient alpha of 0.89.…”

Section: Depression and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Variablesmentioning

confidence: 58%

Experiences of chronic stress and mental health concerns among urban Indigenous women

Benoit

Cotnam²,

Raboud

et al. 2016

Arch Womens Ment Health

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We measured stress, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) levels of urban Indigenous women living with and without HIV in Ontario, Canada, and identified correlates of depression. We recruited 30 Indigenous women living with HIV and 60 without HIV aged 18 years or older who completed socio-demographic and health questionnaires and validated scales assessing stress, depression and PTSD. Descriptive statistics were conducted to summarize variables and linear regression to identify correlates of depression. 85.6 % of Indigenous women self-identified as First Nation. Co-morbidities other than HIV were self-reported by 82.2 % (n = 74) of the sample. High levels of perceived stress were reported by 57.8 % (n = 52) of the sample and 84.2 % (n = 75) had moderate to high levels of urban stress. High median levels of race-related (51/88, IQR 42-68.5) and parental-related stress (40.5/90, IQR 35-49) scores were reported. 82.2 % (n = 74) reported severe depressive symptoms and 83.2 % (n = 74) severe PTSD. High levels of perceived stress was correlated with high depressive symptoms (estimate 1.28 (95 % CI 0.97-1.58), p < 0.001). Indigenous women living with and without HIV reported elevated levels of stress and physical and mental health concerns. Interventions cutting across diverse health care settings are required for improving and preventing adverse health outcomes.

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Perceived stress in HIV-infected individuals: Physiological and psychological correlates

Cited by 54 publications

References 35 publications

Types of Sleep Problems in Adults Living with HIV/AIDS

Types of Sleep Problems in Adults Living with HIV/AIDS

Women living with HIV/AIDS: sleep impairment, anxiety and depression symptoms

Experiences of chronic stress and mental health concerns among urban Indigenous women

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