Perceived HIV Related Stigma among  Patients Attending ART Center of a  Tertiary Care Center in Rural West  Bengal, India

Datta, Saikat; Bhattacherjee, Sharmistha; Sherpa, Pasang Lahmu; Banik, Smarajit

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2016/21366.8669

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It must be said, however, that educational interventions may have a limited effect on risk perception if appropriate personal protective materials are not available in the workplace. This points to the necessity to create structural and policy changes that contribute to a safer work environment in conjunction with educational interventions in order to both reduce perceived and actual workplace risk 6 7. Further studies are needed to determine the factors affecting HCPs’ willingness to care for PLWHA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HCPs are the core and integral part of the healthcare delivery system, and play a pivotal role in creating a positive environment for better health outcomes for PLWHA and preventing viral transmission 5. However, inadequate knowledge about the HIV infection epidemiology among HCPs gives rise to fear and misconceptions about transmission of the infection 6–8. Fear and misconceptions alter attitudes and enhance the development of stigma and discrimination towards PLWHA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of ‘HIV-related stigma-reduction workshops’ on knowledge and attitude of healthcare providers and students in Central India: a pre-test and post-test intervention study

et al. 2020

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IntroductionPeople living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) experience stigma and discrimination throughout their life. The consequences of stigma and discrimination are severe when enacted by healthcare providers (HCPs), and result in a delay in or poor adherence to treatment. Studies have demonstrated the presence of stigmatising behaviours among HCPs, yet only a few have presented the impact of interventions on the knowledge and attitude of practising (clinicians and nurses) and future (students) HCPs.ObjectivesTo evaluate knowledge, attitudes and infection risk perceptions related to HIV/AIDS among practising and future HCPs in central India. In addition, the impact of the ‘HIV-related stigma-reduction workshop’ using a pre-intervention and post-intervention study design was evaluated.Settings and participantsThe study was conducted in 2016 at two tertiary-care hospitals and three healthcare colleges in central India. Overall, 650 HCPs (75 clinicians and 211 nurses) and students (205 medical, 123 nursing and 36 Diploma in Medical and Laboratory Technology (DMLT)) voluntarily participated in the study.InterventionThe educational intervention comprised of training in epidemiology, the transmission and treatment of the HIV infection, the rights of PLWHA, the duties of HCPs and the use of standard precautions.ResultsAt pre-intervention, DMLT students had the lowest and clinicians the highest knowledge scores (24% and 45%, respectively). The stigmatised attitude was reflected in all groups, the lowest among clinicians (21%) and the highest among DMLT students (34%). Improvement in the post-intervention knowledge scores was the highest in medical students (36%) and the lowest among clinicians (16%). The participants’ attitudes improved between 3% and 17% across all groups.ConclusionsSignificant post-intervention improvements were seen in both knowledge and attitudes in all groups. Students had a higher tendency to improve than HCPs. Further long-term studies are needed to evaluate the sustainability of the improvements in knowledge and attitudes of the participants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of ‘HIV-related stigma-reduction workshops’ on knowledge and attitude of healthcare providers and students in Central India: a pre-test and post-test intervention study

et al. 2020

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“…There are few, if any, recent studies which systematically examine this phenomenon in northern India, and any reports are largely limited to news media. Despite the fact that Bihar contributes the second highest number of new annual HIV infections in India (10%), the bulk of studies dealing with stigma and discrimination focus on South India and Western India 10–17 19…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most research studies that examine stigma typically fall into one of three broad categories: (1) enacted stigma, where people experience and report stigma first hand,4 5 (2) anticipated stigma, where people anticipate stigma on disclosure of HIV status6 7 and (3) internalised stigma, where people absorb and start to believe negative attitudes about themselves 8 9. Experiences with enacted stigma and its associations with treatment delays and poor mental health outcomes are reported in multiple studies conducted across Southern India and Maharashtra 4 5 10–17. Ekstrand et al found that 89% of doctors, 88% of nurses and 73% of ward staff reported that they would discriminate against people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in situations with a high likelihood of fluid exposure 15.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refused and referred-persistent stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS in Bihar: a qualitative study from India

Nair¹,

Kumar

Pandey

et al. 2019

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore barriers to accessing care, if any, among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in two districts of Bihar. We also aimed to assess attitudes towards PLHA among healthcare providers and community members.DesignThis qualitative study used an exploratory study design through thematic analysis of semistructured, in-depth interviews.SettingTwo districts were purposively selected for the study, namely the capital Patna and a peripheral district located approximately 100 km from Patna, in order to glean insights from a diverse sample of respondents.ParticipantsOur team purposively selected 71 participants, including 35 PLHA, 10 community members and 26 healthcare providers.ResultsThe overarching theme that evolved from these data through thematic coding identified that enacted stigma and discrimination interfere with each step in the HIV care continuum for PLHA in Bihar, India, especially outside urban areas. The five themes that contributed to these results include: perception of HIV as a dirty illness at the community level; non-consensual disclosure of HIV status; reliance on identifying PLHA to guide procedures and resistance to universal precautions; refusal to treat identified PLHA and referrals to other health centres for treatment; and inadequate knowledge and fear among health providers with respect to HIV transmission.ConclusionsThe continued presence of discriminatory and stigmatising attitudes towards PLHA negatively impacts both disclosure of HIV status as well as access to care and treatment. We recognise a pressing need to improve the knowledge of HIV transmission, and implement universal precautions across all health facilities in the state, not just to reduce stigma and discrimination but also to ensure proper infection control. In order to improve treatment adherence and encourage optimal utilisation of services, it is imperative that the health system invest more in stigma reduction in Bihar and move beyond more ineffective, punitive approaches.

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“…Globally 30%-80% of people living with HIV experience stigma during their life time (23). Study under taken among North Bengal medical college attending ART center revealed that 25.8% had perceived stigma (24).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-related Perceived Stigma and Associated Factors among Patients with HIV, Dilla, Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study

Chekole¹

2020

Preprint

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Background Understanding HIV-related perceived stigma has importance in improving quality of patients and provides a better tackling of HIV stigma. Objective The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of perceived stigma among Patients with HIV attending clinic at Dilla University Referral Hospital. Method In this Institution based cross-sectional study, a 10-item perceived HIV stigma scale was used to assess HIV-related perceived stigma. Oslo social support scale was used to assess social support related factors. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic analysis were done to identify associated factors to HIV-related perceived stigma Results The prevalence of HIV-related perceived stigma by using perceived HIV stigma scale among Patients with living HIV was 42.7%. Patients who are age groups 25-30 years (AOR=2.8, 95% CI: 5.72-11.5), age groups 31-39 years (AOR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.26,4.65), Females (AOR= 2.4, 95% CI: 1.28- 4.33), divorced marital status (AOR= 8.9, 95% CI: 3.52-10.61), widowed marital status (AOR= 3.0, 95% CI: 2.74-7.60), Primary educational status (AOR=7.5, 95% CI: 3.45-9.74) and Study participants those who use alcohol (AOR=1.0 95% CI: 1.57-2.11) were more likely to have HIV-related perceived stigma. Conclusion This calls a holistic approach for the prevention and intervention of HIV-related perceived stigma. Emphasis should also be given for HIV-related perceived stigma.

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Perceived HIV Related Stigma among Patients Attending ART Center of a Tertiary Care Center in Rural West Bengal, India

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Impact of ‘HIV-related stigma-reduction workshops’ on knowledge and attitude of healthcare providers and students in Central India: a pre-test and post-test intervention study

Impact of ‘HIV-related stigma-reduction workshops’ on knowledge and attitude of healthcare providers and students in Central India: a pre-test and post-test intervention study

Refused and referred-persistent stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS in Bihar: a qualitative study from India

HIV-related Perceived Stigma and Associated Factors among Patients with HIV, Dilla, Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study

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