Perceived heaviness in the context of Newton’s Second Law: Combined effects of muscle activity and lifting kinematics.

Waddell, Morgan L.; Fine, Justin M.; Likens, Aaron D.; Amazeen, Eric L.; Amazeen, Polemnia G.

doi:10.1037/xhp0000151

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…However, because the influence of size on perceived heaviness also depends on the objects' mass [ 34 – 36 ], his integration model cannot explain why the illusion strength depends on both parameters, mass and size. Other bottom-up explanations suggest influences of lifting kinematics and inertial characteristics on perceived heaviness [ 37 , 38 ]. Whereas corresponding studies nicely show the influence of different types of haptic information, they cannot explain why the illusion occurs when size information is provided by the visual modality only.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mass-density model can account for the size-weight illusion

2018

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When judging the heaviness of two objects with equal mass, people perceive the smaller and denser of the two as being heavier. Despite the large number of theories, covering bottom-up and top-down approaches, none of them can fully account for all aspects of this size-weight illusion and thus for human heaviness perception. Here we propose a new maximum-likelihood estimation model which describes the illusion as the weighted average of two heaviness estimates with correlated noise: One estimate derived from the object’s mass, and the other from the object’s density, with estimates’ weights based on their relative reliabilities. While information about mass can directly be perceived, information about density will in some cases first have to be derived from mass and volume. However, according to our model at the crucial perceptual level, heaviness judgments will be biased by the objects’ density, not by its size. In two magnitude estimation experiments, we tested model predictions for the visual and the haptic size-weight illusion. Participants lifted objects which varied in mass and density. We additionally varied the reliability of the density estimate by varying the quality of either visual (Experiment 1) or haptic (Experiment 2) volume information. As predicted, with increasing quality of volume information, heaviness judgments were increasingly biased towards the object’s density: Objects of the same density were perceived as more similar and big objects were perceived as increasingly lighter than small (denser) objects of the same mass. This perceived difference increased with an increasing difference in density. In an additional two-alternative forced choice heaviness experiment, we replicated that the illusion strength increased with the quality of volume information (Experiment 3). Overall, the results highly corroborate our model, which seems promising as a starting point for a unifying framework for the size-weight illusion and human heaviness perception.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mass-density model can account for the size-weight illusion

2018

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“…This indicates that the enlarged ovarian volume that is triggered by exogenous hormonal supplements could be the main factor contributing to adnexal torsion in pregnant women. Adnexal torsion is partially caused by Newton's second law of motion, which states that a body's rate of momentum change is proportional to the force causing it (force = mass × acceleration) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and pathological comparisons of adnexal torsion between pregnant and non‐pregnant women

Seo

Lee

et al. 2019

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

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Aim:We evaluated and compared the clinical and pathological differences between pregnant and nonpregnant women with adnexal torsion. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 239 women with adnexal torsion from January 2006 to December 2015 in a tertiary hospital. The clinical and pathological differences between pregnant and non-pregnant women who underwent surgery for adnexal torsion were analyzed. Results: The most common pathologies were corpus luteum cysts in pregnant women and dermoid cysts in non-pregnant women. Eight of the pregnant women (24.2%) had a history of exogenous ovarian stimulation, and their episodes were only caused by corpus luteum or a stimulated ovary. In pregnant women, 72.7% of the torsion occurred before the 14th week of gestation. Conclusion: The common pathology causing adnexal torsion was different, depending on the pregnancy status. Exogenous ovarian stimulation increases the risk of adnexal torsion, and the majority of episodes occurred in the first trimester in pregnant women.

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“…Piqueras-Fiszman and Spence [27] found participants expected food to be more filling when presented in heavier but visually identical containers. Intriguingly, it is not only just straight mass that changes perception but also the effort exerted in our muscles [28]. It is important to note different manipulations allowed different cues to become more salient; holding an object to throw lets people feel more than just lifting it up and down, thus allowing the brain to account for the sensory input [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intriguingly, it is not only just straight mass that changes perception but also the effort exerted in our muscles [28]. It is important to note different manipulations allowed different cues to become more salient; holding an object to throw lets people feel more than just lifting it up and down, thus allowing the brain to account for the sensory input [28]. There are some odd aspects to weight heuristics: even when we have experience with an object, if it is large but light, we will still exert extra force when manipulating it [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MindFull: Tableware to Manipulate Sensory Perception and Reduce Portion Sizes

Andreae¹

2017

Proceedings of the Conference on Design and Semantics of Form and Movement - Sense and Sensitivity, DeSForM 2017

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Rising obesity levels across the world are a major threat to health, well-being and the economy. Reducing the amount we eat is difficult. This is partly because consciously controlling our eating typically increases the amount we eat. The paper presents the MindFull tableware-a new design for tableware to help people to reduce portion sizes effectively and unconsciously. MindFull designs exploit a range of features of our sensory perception identified from psychological research literature. Initial experiments show encouraging results for the design and suggest several directions for future development, research and applications for the design findings.

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Perceived heaviness in the context of Newton’s Second Law: Combined effects of muscle activity and lifting kinematics.

Cited by 16 publications

References 62 publications

A mass-density model can account for the size-weight illusion

A mass-density model can account for the size-weight illusion

Clinical and pathological comparisons of adnexal torsion between pregnant and non‐pregnant women

MindFull: Tableware to Manipulate Sensory Perception and Reduce Portion Sizes

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