“…Several studies have examined the role of cultural distance, what represents the extent of cultural discrepancy between tourists' home and destination countries (Ng, Lee, & Soutar, 2007), and its association with tourist destination choice (Jackson, 2000(Jackson, , 2001Ng et al, 2007;Ng, Lee, & Soutar, 2009;Vietze, 2012;Yang, Liu, & Li, 2016;Yang & Wong, 2012). Some have concluded that cultural distance negatively impacts destination choice, such that tourists are more likely to visit destinations that are culturally similar to their home countries (Jackson, 2000;Ng et al, 2007Ng et al, , 2009Vietze, 2012;Yang & Wong, 2012) while some have found mixed results pertaining to the relationship between cultural distance and destination choice (Jackson, 2001;Yang et al, 2016) (Liu, Robert, Cá rdenas, & Yang, 2018). It seems that as the cultural distance can be one of the motivators for absorbing outbound tourists, it can also be concerned as perceived barriers, challenges, and conflicts for some outbound tourists in choosing a traveling destination.…”