“…This trade route spanned from Aden to ports such as Maskat, Raisut, Siraf, Guadar, Daibul (Debal), the Malabar coast encompassing Gujarat, Keras (the capital of the Kadangalur kingdom), Akyab, the Malacca Strait, Peureuleak, Lamno, Barus, Padang, Banten, Cirebon, Demak, Jepara, Tuban, Gresik, Ampel, Makassar, Ternate, and Tidore. Alternatively, some routes directly connected Aden to the Malabar coast, with Quilon serving as a major port in the Deccan region, traversing through the Cylon Strait to Malacca, then onward to Patani and Canton (Nurlaila, 2022).…”