Peptides and Hormesis

Kastin, Abba J.; Pan, Weihong

doi:10.1080/10408440802026372

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Specifically, subjects with more extreme levels of plasma OT were more likely to be trusting as well as trustworthy than those with moderate levels of plasma OT. U-shape relationship in hormone and neurotransmitter action is a frequent observation and documented in [32], [40]. In the brain the U-shaped dose-response relationship is particularly characteristic of peptide hormones often presented as an inverted U [41], [42] and sometimes as a simple U shape [32], [33] as observed in the current investigation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

U-Shaped Relation between Plasma Oxytocin Levels and Behavior in the Trust Game

et al. 2012

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Trust underpins much of social and economic exchanges across human societies. In experimental economics, the Trust Game has served as the workhorse for the study of trust in a controlled incentivized setting. Recent evidence using intranasal drug administration, aka ‘sniffing’, suggests that oxytocin (OT) can function as a social hormone facilitating trust and other affiliative behaviors. Here we hypothesized that baseline plasma OT is a biomarker that partially predicts the degree of trust and trustworthiness observed in the trust game. Using a large sample of 1,158 participants, we observed a significant U-shaped relationship between plasma OT with the level of trust, and marginally with the level of trustworthiness, especially among males. Specifically, subjects with more extreme levels of plasma OT were more likely to be trusting as well as trustworthy than those with moderate levels of plasma OT. Our results contribute to a deeper understanding of the biological basis of human trust and underscore the usefulness of peripheral plasma OT measures in characterizing human social behavior.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

U-Shaped Relation between Plasma Oxytocin Levels and Behavior in the Trust Game

et al. 2012

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“…The phenomenon by which it appears a relation dose-response characterized by opposite results according to low versus high doses (or vice versa) has been denominated hormesis [34]. In the field of peptide research, the corresponding concept is characterized by the inverted U-shaped dose-response relationship [35], most likely indicating a particularly complex mechanism of action.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clozapine Administration Modifies Neurotensin Effect on Synaptosomal Membrane Na+, K+ -ATPase Activity

Ordieres

Arnaiz

2009

Neurochem Res

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Na+, K+-ATPase is inhibited by neurotensin, an effect which involves the peptide high affinity receptor (NTS1). Neurotensin effect on cerebral cortex synaptosomal membrane Na+, K+-ATPase activity of rats injected i.p. with antipsychotic clozapine was studied. Whereas 3.5 x 10(-6) M neurotensin decreased 44% Na+, K+-ATPase activity in the controls, the peptide failed to modify enzyme activity 30 min after a single 3.0, 10.0 and 30.0 mg/kg clozapine dose. Neurotensin decreased Na+, K+-ATPase activity 40 or 20% 18 h after 3.0 or 5.6 mg/kg clozapine administration, respectively, and lacked inhibitory effect 18 h after 17.8 and 30.0 mg/kg clozapine doses. Results indicated that the clozapine treatment differentially modifies the further effect of neurotensin on synaptosomal membrane Na+, K+-ATPase activity according to time and dose conditions employed. Taken into account that clozapine blocks the dopaminergic D2 receptor, findings obtained favor the view of an interplay among neurotensinergic receptor, dopaminergic D2 receptor and Na+, K+-ATPase at synaptic membranes.

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“…It has been recognized already 40 years ago, that increasing the dose of a peptide the effect, after reaching a plateau, can decrease, disappear or even reverse. Common characteristic of the bell-shaped (also called inverted U-shaped or hormetic) dose-response relationships is that the reduced or reversed effect may be expected typically in 10-fold and 100-fold of the stimulatory (inhibitory) dose-range (though the range can also be much wider) (for reviews see [26,27]). …”

Section: Dose-reponse Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain neuropeptides in gastric mucosal protection

Gyires

Zádori

2014

Current Opinion in Pharmacology

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The centrally induced gastroprotective effect of neuropeptides has been intensively studied. Besides many similarities, however, differences can also be observed in their gastroprotective actions. The gastroprotective dose-response curve proved to be either sigmoid, or bell-shaped. Additional gastrointestinal effects of neuropeptides can contribute to their mucosal protective effect. Part of the neuropeptides induce gastroprotection by peripheral administration as well. Besides vagal nerve the sympathetic nervous system may also be involved in conveying the central effect to the periphery. Better understanding of the complex mechanism of the maintenance of gastric mucosal integrity may result in the development of new strategy to enhance gastric mucosal resistance against injury. AbstractThe centrally induced gastroprotective effect of neuropeptides has been intensively studied.Besides many similarities, however, differences can also be observed in their gastroprotective actions. The gastroprotective dose-response curve proved to be either sigmoid, or bell-shaped.Additional gastrointestinal effects of neuropeptides can contribute to their mucosal protective effect. Part of the neuropeptides induce gastroprotection by peripheral administration as well.Besides vagal nerve the sympathetic nervous system may also be involved in conveying the central effect to the periphery. Better understanding of the complex mechanism of the maintenance of gastric mucosal integrity may result in the development of new strategy to enhance gastric mucosal resistance against injury.

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Peptides and Hormesis

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

U-Shaped Relation between Plasma Oxytocin Levels and Behavior in the Trust Game

U-Shaped Relation between Plasma Oxytocin Levels and Behavior in the Trust Game

Clozapine Administration Modifies Neurotensin Effect on Synaptosomal Membrane Na+, K+ -ATPase Activity

Brain neuropeptides in gastric mucosal protection

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