Synthetic
materials designed for improved biomimicry of the extracellular
matrix must contain fibrous, bioactive, and mechanical cues. Self-assembly
of low molecular weight gelator (LMWG) peptides Fmoc-DIKVAV (Fmoc-aspartic
acid-isoleucine-lysine-valine-alanine-valine) and Fmoc-FRGDF (Fmoc-phenylalanine-arginine-glycine-aspartic
acid-phenylalanine) creates fibrous and bioactive hydrogels. Polysaccharides
such as agarose are biocompatible, degradable, and non-toxic. Agarose
and these Fmoc-peptides have both demonstrated efficacy in
vitro and in vivo. These materials have
complementary properties; agarose has known mechanics in the physiological
range but is inert and would benefit from bioactive and topographical
cues found in the fibrous, protein-rich extracellular matrix. Fmoc-DIKVAV
and Fmoc-FRGDF are synthetic self-assembling peptides that present
bioactive cues “IKVAV” and “RGD” designed
from the ECM proteins laminin and fibronectin. The work presented
here demonstrates that the addition of agarose to Fmoc-DIKVAV and
Fmoc-FRGDF results in physical characteristics that are dependent
on agarose concentration. The networks are peptide-dominated at low
agarose concentrations, and agarose-dominated at high agarose concentrations,
resulting in distinct changes in structural morphology. Interestingly,
at mid-range agarose concentration, a hybrid network is formed with
structural similarities to both peptide and agarose systems, demonstrating
reinforced mechanical properties. Bioactive-LMWG polysaccharide hydrogels
demonstrate controllable microenvironmental properties, providing
the ability for tissue-specific biomaterial design for tissue engineering
and 3D cell culture.