Pentylenetetrazol Kindling Epilepsy Model

Erkeç, Özlem Ergül; Arıhan, Okan

doi:10.5505/epilepsi.2015.08108

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Although repeated administration of PTZ is often used as a model for chronic seizures (see Erkeç and Arihan 2015 for a review)25 our results cannot be explained by such effect alone. First, in experiment 1, not only BMI-On and -Off sessions were typically alternated, but some rats started with BMI-Off sessions while others started with BMI-On sessions.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…Second, there was no difference in seizure episodes (duration and frequency) in rats tested in the same conditions in consecutive sessions. Third, most PTZ kindling protocols involve more than 10 doses of PTZ252627 or intervals of more than 20 days between the series of PTZ injections28. Lastly, results from experiment 2 (where the BMI was turned On and Off within the same session) further controlled for the possibility of differences in BMI-On and -Off sessions being the result of PTZ-induced kindling alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Closed Loop Brain-machine Interface for Epilepsy Control Using Dorsal Column Electrical Stimulation

Pais-Vieira

Yadav

Moreira

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Although electrical neurostimulation has been proposed as an alternative treatment for drug-resistant cases of epilepsy, current procedures such as deep brain stimulation, vagus, and trigeminal nerve stimulation are effective only in a fraction of the patients. Here we demonstrate a closed loop brain-machine interface that delivers electrical stimulation to the dorsal column (DCS) of the spinal cord to suppress epileptic seizures. Rats were implanted with cortical recording microelectrodes and spinal cord stimulating electrodes, and then injected with pentylenetetrazole to induce seizures. Seizures were detected in real time from cortical local field potentials, after which DCS was applied. This method decreased seizure episode frequency by 44% and seizure duration by 38%. We argue that the therapeutic effect of DCS is related to modulation of cortical theta waves, and propose that this closed-loop interface has the potential to become an effective and semi-invasive treatment for refractory epilepsy and other neurological disorders.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Closed Loop Brain-machine Interface for Epilepsy Control Using Dorsal Column Electrical Stimulation

Pais-Vieira

Yadav

Moreira

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Kindling is a costly and time-consuming procedure but is one of the most used models of electrical stimulation for the study of chronic seizures. 23 It may be induced in rodents by repetitive, systemic administration of convulsants 24 , 25 or by repeated electrical stimulation of sensitive brain regions. 24 , 26 The kindling protocol we used consists of repetitive electrical stimulation in the perforant path (PP), which promotes a gradual and progressive enhancement of electroencephalographic (EEG) activity and behavioral responses, culminating in generalized seizures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Human ES-Derived Neural Stem Cell Transplantation and Kindling in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury

et al. 2017

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the population worldwide, with a broad spectrum of symptoms and disabilities. Posttraumatic hyperexcitability is one of the most common neurological disorders that affect people after a head injury. A reliable animal model of posttraumatic hyperexcitability induced by TBI which allows one to test effective treatment strategies is yet to be developed. To address these issues, in the present study, we tested human embryonic stem cell–derived neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation in an animal model of posttraumatic hyperexcitability in which the brain injury was produced in one hemisphere of immunodeficient athymic nude rats by controlled cortical impact, and spontaneous seizures were produced by repeated electrical stimulation (kindling) in the contralateral hemisphere. At 14 wk posttransplantation, we report human NSC (hNSC) survival and differentiation into all 3 neural lineages in both sham and injured animals. We observed twice as many surviving hNSCs in the injured versus sham brain, and worse survival on the kindled side in both groups, indicating that kindling/seizures are detrimental to survival or proliferation of hNSCs. We also replicated our previous finding that hNSCs can ameliorate deficits on the novel place recognition task,33 but such improvements are abolished following kindling. We found no significant differences pre- or post-kindling on the elevated plus maze. No significant correlations were observed between hNSC survival and cognitive performance on either task. Together these findings suggest that Shef6-derived hNSCs may be beneficial as a therapy for TBI, but not in animals or patients with posttraumatic hyperexcitability.

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“…Oxidative stress is an important factor in numerous epilepsy models [33] . Moreover, researchers have recently focused on a possible association between oxidative stress and epilepsy, contending that the abnormal Ca +2 signaling resulting from oxidative stress may lead to excessive free radical formation, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell injury, and ultimately to epilepsy [34] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sıçanlarda Pentilentetrazol İle İndüklenen Akut ve Kronik Epilepsi Modelinde Thymus vulgaris L.’nin Etkileri

Özdemir¹,

Sağmanligil²,

Erkeç³

et al. 2019

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Thymus vulgaris L. (TVL) on oxidative stress, motor coordination and learning/memory in acute and chronic epilepsy models in rats induced by Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). To this end, 64 male Wistar-albino rats were randomly divided into eight groups with 8 rats each: (1) acute control (AC), (2) acute PTZ (APTZ), (3) acute PTZ + sodium valproate (APTZ+VPA), (4) acute PTZ + TVL (APTZ+TVL), (5) chronic control (CC), (6) PTZ kindling (PTZk), (7) PTZ kindling + VPA (PTZk+VPA) and (8) PTZ kindling + TVL (PTZk+TVL). Seizures were observed for 30 min after each PTZ injection and were scored. Acute PTZ-induced seizures were created by injecting a single convulsive dose of PTZ (60 mg/kg, ip) in acute groups. PTZ kindling was produced by injecting a subconvulsant dose of PTZ (35 mg/kg, ip) every other day, with 14 injections in total. No significant difference was found among the PTZk + VPA, PTZk, and PTZk + TVL groups with regard to seizure scores. No significant difference was found among all the 8 groups in the learning/memory tests conducted using the Morris Water Maze (MWM) test and the motor activity tests conducted using the rotarod test (P>0.05). The analysis of total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) indicated that the administration of PTZ decreased the antioxidant capacity and increased the oxidant capacity. Moreover, the TVL administration established the oxidant/antioxidant balance, particularly in the chronic groups. Further studies are needed to investigate whether high doses of TVL have an effect on PTZ-induced seizure scores.

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Pentylenetetrazol Kindling Epilepsy Model

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

A Closed Loop Brain-machine Interface for Epilepsy Control Using Dorsal Column Electrical Stimulation

A Closed Loop Brain-machine Interface for Epilepsy Control Using Dorsal Column Electrical Stimulation

Effects of Human ES-Derived Neural Stem Cell Transplantation and Kindling in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury

Sıçanlarda Pentilentetrazol İle İndüklenen Akut ve Kronik Epilepsi Modelinde Thymus vulgaris L.’nin Etkileri

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