Pentoxifylline – a review of its use in osteoradionecrosis

Lyons, Andrew; Brennan, Peter A.

doi:10.1016/j.bjoms.2016.12.006

Cited by 40 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Treatment was well tolerated and complete recovery was observed in a median time of 6 months. The favorable clinical outcome and the toxicity profile of the medical ORN treatment were duplicated by the same group in a larger prospective cohort of 54 HNC patients with refractory mandibular ORN, mainly after surgery and HBOT [155], and was confirmed by several other groups [152,156,157]. However, the true value of this strategy is yet to be confirmed in a randomized clinical trial setting [151].…”

Section: Mandible Osteoradionecrosismentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Both agents exhibit anti-inflammatory actions by inhibiting TNF-α,TGF-β and other mediators. The third agent, clodronate, is a first-generation bisphosphonate that inhibits bone resorption by reducing osteoclast activity through direct activation of osteoblasts it increases bone synthesis and decreases proliferation of fibroblast [152]. …”

Section: Mandible Osteoradionecrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of late sequelae after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer

Strojan

Hutcheson

Eisbruch

et al. 2017

Cancer Treatment Reviews

244

171

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Radiotherapy (RT) is used to treat approximately 80% of patients with cancer of the head and neck. Despite enormous advances in RT planning and delivery, a significant number of patients will experience radiation-associated toxicities, especially those treated with concurrent systemic agents. Many effective management options are available for acute RT-associated toxicities, but treatment options are much more limited and of variable benefit among patients who develop late sequelae after RT. The adverse impact of developing late tissue damage in irradiated patients may range from bothersome symptoms that negatively affect their quality of life to severe life-threatening complications. In the region of the head and neck, among the most problematic late effects are impaired function of the salivary glands and swallowing apparatus. Other tissues and structures in the region may be at risk, depending mainly on the location of the irradiated tumor relative to the mandible and hearing apparatus. Here, we review the available evidence on the use of different therapeutic strategies to alleviate common late sequelae of RT in head and neck cancer patients, with a focus on the critical assessment of the treatment options for xerostomia, dysphagia, mandibular osteoradionecrosis, trismus, and hearing loss.

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Section: Mandible Osteoradionecrosismentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Mandible Osteoradionecrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of late sequelae after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer

Strojan

Hutcheson

Eisbruch

et al. 2017

Cancer Treatment Reviews

244

171

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The drug also suppresses leukocyte function, alters fibroblast physiology, and stimulates fibrinolysis. While it is commonly used in osteoradionecrosis, it may also improve symptoms in OMFS …”

Section: Medical Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While it is commonly used in osteoradionecrosis, it may also improve symptoms in OMFS. 19,20 Buflomedil hydrochloride improves microcirculation by peripheral vasodilatation. It is considered a good adjunctive drug with other management strategies, but is not licensed for use in the UK or USA.…”

Section: Promotion Of Oral Mucosal Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current protocols in the management of oral submucous fibrosis: An update

Arakeri

Kumar

Boraks³

et al. 2017

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a debilitating condition of oral cavity which has significant potential for malignant transformation. In spite of over 20 years of research, the pathogenesis of the condition is still obscure and no single management modality is effective. Many OSMF treatment protocols have been proposed to alleviate the signs and symptoms of the disorder and there is overwhelming evidence that as areca nut is primary cause, stopping its use may have a considerable effect on symptoms rather than reversing pre-existing fibrosis. We present a review of the current protocols for managing OSMF.

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“…However, radiotherapy may cause a variety of side effects, including xerostomia, alopecia, weight loss, and jaw osteoradionecrosis (ORN), which is one of the more severe common serious complications, with incidence rates of approximately 1%‐37% . Furthermore, ORN can cause festering of the maxillofacial tissues and pathological fractures, decreasing patients’ quality of life secondary to poor oral intake, and absorption of nutrition . Osteoradionecrosis is a chronic pathological condition that has long been a difficult clinical problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective role of α2‐macroglobulin against jaw osteoradionecrosis in a preclinical rat model

Kong

Chen

et al. 2018

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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Objective We have previously demonstrated the effect of alpha‐2‐macroglobulin (α2M) in the remediation of radiation‐induced cellular damage. Here, we investigated the protective effects of α2M in a preclinical rat model of jaw osteoradionecrosis (ORN). Methods Eighteen rats were divided randomly into three groups: the control group, the radiation therapy (RT) alone group, and the radiated mandibles pretreated with α2M (α2M + RT) group. One month after radiation, all left molar teeth were extracted. After another 3 months, the animals were sacrificed and body weight, histopathology, microcomputed tomography and immunofluorescence were evaluated in all groups. Results The RT group showed serious alopecia, bone exposure, inflammation, necrosis, fibrosis, and the absence of new bone formation within the socket. The α2M + RT group exhibited less alopecia than the RT group and slight inflammation and fibrosis in the bone marrow cavity. The cortical bone was similar to normal bone tissue. Interestingly, compared with RT group, serum superoxide dismutase levels in the α2M + RT group increased at the 1th day (P = 0.037), 14th day (P = 0.012), while reactive oxygen species levels clearly decreased at the 1th day (P< 0.001), 14th day (P = 0.007), and 28th day (P = 0.013). Conclusions A clinically translational model of jaw ORN was successfully established and the application of α2M prior to radiation protected the bone from being injured by the radiation, possibly related to oxidative stress.

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Pentoxifylline – a review of its use in osteoradionecrosis

Cited by 40 publications

References 47 publications

Treatment of late sequelae after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer

Treatment of late sequelae after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer

Current protocols in the management of oral submucous fibrosis: An update

Protective role of α2‐macroglobulin against jaw osteoradionecrosis in a preclinical rat model

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