Penile Calciphylaxis: Analysis of Rish Factors and Mortality

Abstract

Penile calciphylaxis is a result of medial calcification and fibrosis of blood vessels. The co-morbidity and mortality associated with this disease are extremely high. Secondary hyperparathyroidism and an increased calcium phosphate are characteristic and require aggressive medical management. Surgical management of penile lesions and parathormone is controversial. Our review suggests that parathyroidectomy may improve survival and that survival is independent of the type of local treatment for the penile lesions.

A case of penile necrosis induced by calciphylaxis associated with chronic renal failure, with a review of the literature

“…The symptoms include acute pain and ischemia-induced change of skin color to purple. Although the cause is not yet clear, many cases are related to diabetic nephropathy, while cases like ours caused by glomerular nephritis are considered to be relatively rare 2,3) . The effectiveness of the various treatment modalities remains largely unproven in the absence of any randomized controlled trials.…”

“…It occurs in up to 1% of patients undergoing long-term dialysis, but sporadic instances in patients with end-stage renal failure have also been reported 1) . In addition to kidney failure, other risk factors include obesity, female sex, white race, liver disease, use of systemic corticosteroids, decreased albumin levels and elevated serum calcium-phosphorus products 2,3) . As in our case, the parathyroid hormone is often found to be abnormal.…”

Calcifilaxis de pene: nuestra experiencia en 5 años y revisión de la literatura científica

“…Se ha encontrado una relación con anormalidades séricas de fosfato de calcio. El rango normal de fosfato y de calcio es de 20,6 a 52,5 mg/dl, y se ha visto que muchos pacientes con estadios terminales de insuficiencia renal presentan un incremento de fosfato de calcio sérico, por lo que se ha sugerido un corte diagnóstico de 70 mg/dl para la calcifilaxis sistémica 13 . También se ha encontrado hiperparatiroidismo secundario 12 en, aproximadamente, el 80% de los pacientes en estadios terminales de insuficiencia renal.…”

“…También se ha encontrado hiperparatiroidismo secundario 12 en, aproximadamente, el 80% de los pacientes en estadios terminales de insuficiencia renal. Se ha sugerido que los altos valores de parathormona se encuentran relacionados con una mayor morbimortalidad en pacientes con calcifilaxis sistémica 13 .…”

“…Incluso la realización de meato perineal se debe de considerar para pacientes en los que se espera una larga sobrevida. Hay quienes lo sugieren incluso ante la presencia de hiperparatiroidismo secundario la realización de paratiroidectomía 13,15 .…”