Penicillin Reduces Eustachian Tube Gland Tissue Changes in Acute Otitis Media

Andersen, Henning Haahr; Thomsen, Jens; Cayé‐Thomasen, Per

doi:10.1016/j.otohns.2005.02.020

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…24 Progression of ROM to OME is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration, mucosal thickening, submucosal gland proliferation, and goblet cell hyperplasia, which contribute to increased mucin production. [25][26][27][28] OME is associated with persistent, mucin-rich ME fluid, which often results in hearing loss. The severity of hearing loss in OME has been found to primarily correlate with increases in MUC5B expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Inflammatory Signaling in Human Middle Ear Cell Culture Models of Pediatric Otitis Media

et al. 2020

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Objectives/Hypothesis Cell culture models are valuable tools for investigation of the molecular pathogenesis of diseases including otitis media (OM). Previous study indicates that age‐, sex‐, and race‐associated differences in molecular signaling may impact disease pathophysiology. Currently, a singular immortalized middle ear epithelial (MEE) cell line exists, HMEEC‐1, derived from an adult without known middle ear disease. In this study, HMEEC‐1 and primary MEE cultures from pediatric patients with and without OM were stimulated with inflammatory cytokines or OM‐pathogenic bacterial lysates to examine differences in the response of molecules associated with OM pathogenesis. Study Design Case–control series. Methods MEE cultures were established from patients aged <6 years: two with recurrent OM (ROM), two with OM with effusion (OME), and one patient without OM who was undergoing cochlear implant surgery control undergoing cochlear implantation (Peds CI). Primary MEE cultures and HMEEC‐1 cells were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, or nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae lysate. TNFA, IL1B, IL6, IL8, IL10, and MUC5B were assayed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction. IL‐8 was assayed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results Gene/protein target expressions were frequently higher in pediatric OM lines than in HMEEC‐1 and Peds CI. HMEEC‐1 cells were frequently less responsive to stimuli than all pediatric lines. OME lines were often more responsive than ROM lines. Conclusions OM may be associated with specific molecular phenotypes that are retained in primary cell culture. Adult‐derived HMEEC‐1 cells differ significantly in baseline expression and response of OM‐associated molecules relative to pediatric MEE cells. Work is underway to immortalize pediatric OM MEE cultures as improved tools for the OM research community. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 131:410–416, 2021

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Inflammatory Signaling in Human Middle Ear Cell Culture Models of Pediatric Otitis Media

et al. 2020

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“…Inoculation of rat ME with pneumococci caused otitis media with either purulent or serous effusion, closely resembling the disease in the human host (101). This system has been used to evaluate the efficacy of penicillin for the treatment and prevention of permanent mucosal changes due to pneumococcal acute otitis (5,102) and to assess protection against experimental otitis media conferred either by anticapsular antibodies (256) or by active immunizations with PspA (256) or whole killed bacteria (66). Moreover, the virulences of pneumococcal strains with different opacity phenotypes (151) and various levels of susceptibility to penicillin (154) were also evaluated by intratympanic challenge of rats.…”

Section: Rat and Mouse Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Models ofStreptococcus pneumoniaeDisease

2008

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SUMMARY Streptococcus pneumoniae is a colonizer of human nasopharynx, but it is also an important pathogen responsible for high morbidity, high mortality, numerous disabilities, and high health costs throughout the world. Major diseases caused by S. pneumoniae are otitis media, pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. Despite the availability of antibiotics and vaccines, pneumococcal infections still have high mortality rates, especially in risk groups. For this reason, there is an exceptionally extensive research effort worldwide to better understand the diseases caused by the pneumococcus, with the aim of developing improved therapeutics and vaccines. Animal experimentation is an essential tool to study the pathogenesis of infectious diseases and test novel drugs and vaccines. This article reviews both historical and innovative laboratory pneumococcal animal models that have vastly added to knowledge of (i) mechanisms of infection, pathogenesis, and immunity; (ii) efficacies of antimicrobials; and (iii) screening of vaccine candidates. A comprehensive description of the techniques applied to induce disease is provided, the advantages and limitations of mouse, rat, and rabbit models used to mimic pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis are discussed, and a section on otitis media models is also included. The choice of appropriate animal models for in vivo studies is a key element for improved understanding of pneumococcal disease.

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Penicillin Reduces Eustachian Tube Gland Tissue Changes in Acute Otitis Media

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

Analysis of Inflammatory Signaling in Human Middle Ear Cell Culture Models of Pediatric Otitis Media

Analysis of Inflammatory Signaling in Human Middle Ear Cell Culture Models of Pediatric Otitis Media

Animal Models ofStreptococcus pneumoniaeDisease

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