Pengaruh Pemberian Oksigen Dan Elevasi Kepala 30º Terhadap Tingkat Kesadaran Pada Pasien Cedera Kepala Sedang

Abstract

Head injury is directly or indirectly mechanical injuries that resulted wound in the scalp, skull fracture, tear the lining of the brain, and brain damage, and neurological disorders. The basic method for brain protection of head injury patients are freeing the airway and giving adequate oxygenation. Giving oxygen and headv elevation 30° of head are the appropriate action for the moderate head injury classification to launch the cerebral oxygen perfusion and to increase consciousness level. The purpose of this research were to determine the GCS before and after giving oxygenation with and position 30 ° of head and to analyze the effect of giving oxygen and headv elevation30 °of head to change the levels of consciousness of moderate head injury patients. This research was an Quasi-Experimental study with 10 respondents. The test were used Paired Sample T-test Test. The results showed that there was an effect of giving oxygen and headv elevation 30 °of head toward to change the level of consciousness of moderate head injury patients. GCS average value before was 10.10 and GCS average after 12.90 value was with p value was 0.000. 
 
 Keywords : Levels of Consciousness GCS, Moderate Head Injury, Position 30° of the Head

Improved Hemodynamic Status of Head Injured Patients in the Emergency Unit (ER): Literature Review

“…4 Handling head injuries is also explained by the Ginting study in 2020 that patients with head injuries require oxygenation and 30 o head elevation to increase awareness and reduce pain to prevent hypoxia in the brain. 2 This study is supported by Pawestri's 2019 study that the head position is 30 o more effective than the 15 o position in patients with head injuries because it can facilitate venous drainage from the head so that the head condition is stable. 7 Literature review Suwandewi's previous 4 literature review explained that the administration of oxygen therapy with a simple mask and a 30 o head position affected changes in the level of consciousness of moderate head injury patients; Pawestri's study 7 explained that a 30 o head position was more effective for head injury patients, Widaryati's study 6 also explained that marital therapy could affect hemodynamics (blood pressure, pulse, and respiration) so that a literature review is needed to find out what interventions can be done when there is an increase in hemodynamic status in head injury patients.…”

“…1 Head injuries occur in the world every year as many as 500,000 cases out of Improved Hemodynamic Status of Head Injured Patients in the Emergency Unit (ER): Literature Review 10% die before arriving at the hospital and patients who arrive at the hospital, and 80% are classified as minor head injuries, 10% including moderate head injury, 10% severe head injury. 2…”

Application of Head Elevation on Intracarnial Pressure in Stroke Patients

“…The results of Ginting et al, (2020) said that there was an effect of giving a 30º head elevation on the level of consciousness in moderate head injury patients with a p value = 0.000. Wulandari (2019) in his research conducted in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of RSUD Dr. Achmad Mochtar Bukittinggi said for 3 days of giving a head elevation of 300, the results showed an increase in cerebral tissue perfusion which was marked by increased awareness and vital signs within normal limits.…”

Efektivitas Terapi O2 terhadap Hemodinamik Pasien Cedera Kepala Sedang dan Berat di Instalasi Gawat Darurat

“…Bila perfusi yang tidak efektif ini tidak ditangani dengan cepat, tekanan intrakranial akan meningkat. Oleh sebab itu, terapi utama pada pasien cedera kepala adalah dengan menaikkan status oksigenasinya (Ginting, Sitepu, & Ginting, 2020). Terapi oksigen (O2) merupakan intervensi medis untuk mencegah atau mengobati hipoksia dan mempertahankan oksigenasi jaringan yang relative (Purnomo, 2021).…”

“…Hasil penelitian (Agustin, Triyono, Setiyawan, & Safitri, 2019) memperoleh hasil yaitu pemenuhan oksigenasi bisa menstabilkan status hemodinamik pasien yang ditandai dengan penurunan tekanan darah, peningkatan denyut jantung serta suhu tubuh. Penelitian lain dilakukan oleh Ginting et al, (2020)bahwa pemberian oksigen dapat mempengaruhi tingkat kesadaran pasien cedera kepala sedang. Hal tersebut dikarenakan oksigen mampu memperbaiki sirkulasi oksigen ke otak, menstabilkan darah, serta menurunkan tingkat nyeri.…”