“…PBL has several advantages over other models. Namely, students can get used to solving problems and are challenged to solve problems not only in learning but also in daily life; students are used to discussing and interacting with group mates, and students are used to solving problems by conducting experiments (Handayani et al, 2022;Novianti et al, 2021). However, PBL also has disadvantages, namely that it cannot be applied to every subject, so this model is more suitable for use in lessons related to problemsolving, and teachers have difficulty dividing assignments because there is a high level of diversity in one class (Sulastry et al, 2023).…”