Penetration into targets described by locked hydrostats and shear strength

Forrestal, M. J.; Norwood, F. R.; Longcope, D. B.

doi:10.1016/0020-7683(81)90106-2

Cited by 71 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Comparing Eqs. (61) and (80) reveals that in the case when µ = 0, the model by Forrestal et al [52] coincides with the model suggested by Rahmatulin et al [44], and is given by Eq. (55) after replacingτ 0 by τ 0 .…”

Section: Forrestal-norwood-longcope Dynamic Modelsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…On the basis of the above relations, Forrestal et al [52] proposed dynamic CCE model in the form of Eq. (52) where the coefficients are determined for µ > 0 by the following formulas:…”

Section: Forrestal-norwood-longcope Dynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(55) after replacingτ 0 by τ 0 . Forrestal et al [52] also analyzed comprehensively a quasi-dynamic version of the model for conical-and ogive-nose impactors.…”

Section: Forrestal-norwood-longcope Dynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineering models of high speed penetration into geological shields

2014

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Abstract:The survey is dedicated to approximate empirical and analytical models which were suggested for describing high-speed penetration into geological shields. This review differs from the previously published reviews on this topic in the following respects: (i) includes a large number of models; (ii) describes models suggested during recent years; (iii) much attention is given to models which have been originally published in Russian and are not well known in the West. References list includes 81 items.

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Section: Forrestal-norwood-longcope Dynamic Modelsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…On the basis of the above relations, Forrestal et al [52] proposed dynamic CCE model in the form of Eq. (52) where the coefficients are determined for µ > 0 by the following formulas:…”

Section: Forrestal-norwood-longcope Dynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineering models of high speed penetration into geological shields

2014

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“…The mass loss of a penetrator occurs mainly on the nose. The friction on the interface between target and penetrator nose can be expressed as [16,17] …”

Section: Analysis On the Mass Loss Of Epwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric study on mass loss of penetrators

Chen

2010

Acta Mech Sin

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Earth penetration weapon (EPW) is applicable for attacking underground targets protected by reinforced concrete and rocks. With increasing impact velocity, the mass loss/abrasion of penetrator increases, which significantly decreases the penetration efficiency due to the change of nose shape. The abrasion may induce instability of the penetrator, and lead to failure of its structure. A common disadvantage, i.e. dependence on corresponding experimental results, exists in all the available formulae, which limits their ranges of application in estimating the mass loss of penetrator. In this paper, we conduct a parametric study on the mass loss of penetrator, and indicate that the mass loss of penetrator can be determined by seven variables, i.e., the initial impact velocity, initial nose shape, melting heat, shank diameter of projectile and density and strength of target as well as the aggregate hardness of target. Further discussion on factors dominant in the mass abrasion of penetrator are given, which may be helpful for optimizing the target or the projectile for defensive or offensive objectives, respectively.Keywords Penetrator · Mass loss · Depth of penetration · Parametric study List of symbolsA surface area of projectile nose (m 2 ) b length of projectile nose (m) C proportional coefficient of mass loss to initial kinetic energy of projectile (s 2 m −2 ) C p specific heat at constant pressure (J (kg K) −1 ) d shank diameter of projectile (m) f friction force per unit area (Pa) f c unconstrained compressive strength of concrete target (Pa) F n instant axial drag force on projectile nose (N) H Moh's hardness of aggregate H 0 reference value of Moh's hardness of aggregate k mechanical equivalent of heat (J cal −1 ) m instant mass of projectile (kg) M 0 initial mass of projectile (kg) M f mass of residual projectile (kg) N * instant nose factor of projectile N * 0 initial nose factor of projectile N * 1 and N * 2 dimensionless constant related to nose geometry p pressure on projectile nose (Pa) Q melting heat for unit mass of projectile (cal) R c Rockwell hardness S empirical constant for concrete target and related to f c t time (s) T Kelvin temperature (K) v instant penetration velocity (m s −1 ) 123 586 L. He et al. V s initial impact velocity of projectile (m s −1 ) w t friction work (J) z instant DOP of projectile (m) Z ultimate DOP of projectile (m) χ constant defined in Ref. [23] (kg m −3 )

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“…More commonly, due to the diversification of target materials, the dynamic cavity expansion model has been further employed to deep penetrations of rock, soil and ceramics as well as to metal and concrete [4][5][6][7][8]. Penetration resistance, which has been recently employed in concrete and ceramic mediums, includes not only the above mentioned two terms, but also the damping effect of target material (related to V ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damping function in the penetration/perforation dynamics of rigid projectiles

Chen

Deng

2008

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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This paper defines a third dimensionless parameter, i.e., the damping function, besides the impact function and geometry function of a projectile introduced by the author previously, in the penetration/perforation dynamics of a rigid projectile. It only depends on the interaction of projectile and target materials and is independent of projectile geometry. A general penetration resistance, which contains the terms of viscous effect and the dummy mass of a projectile induced by the deceleration effect, is adopted in the formulation. A dimensionless formula of depth of penetration is conducted with only these three parameters for general convex shapes of various rigid projectiles. Accounting for the influence of the damping function, the normal perforations of thick metallic plates struck by sharp nose rigid projectiles are studied further.

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Penetration into targets described by locked hydrostats and shear strength

Cited by 71 publications

References 4 publications

Engineering models of high speed penetration into geological shields

Engineering models of high speed penetration into geological shields

Parametric study on mass loss of penetrators

Damping function in the penetration/perforation dynamics of rigid projectiles

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