Pemberdayaan masyarakat retardasi mental sebagai upaya meningkatkan kesehatan jiwa melalui metode proverasi

Abstract

<strong>Abstrak</strong><br />Desa Krebet merupakan salah satu dari empat desa di Kecamatan Jambon Kabupaten Ponorogo yang mayoritas penduduknya mengalami gangguan retardasi mental, sehingga julukan “Kampung Idiot” masih melekat hingga saat ini di masyarakat tersebut. Kondisi geografis daerah yang terpencil, tanah tandus dan gersang serta dataran yang dikelilingi pegunungan kapur menyebabkan minimnya pelayanan pendidikan, kesehatan yang layak, dan sebagian besar masyarakat berada di bawah garis kemiskinan. Dalam menjalani kehidupan sehari-hari warga masyarakat yang mayoritas mengalami retardasi mental akan berdampak terhadap kesehatan jiwa masyarakat “kampung idiot”, sehingga diperlukan suatu penanganan yang serius dengan memberdayakan masyarakat desa setempat dalam upaya meningkatkan kesehatan jiwa melalui metode proverasi (promosi, prevensi, kurasi, rehabilitasi). Metode proverasi dilakukan melalui serangkaian kegiatan yang meliputi penyuluhan dan bimbingan sosial dalam menciptakan kehidupan yang sehat, baik fisik maupun psikologis, memberikan <em>life skills</em>kepada warga retardasi mental maupun warga masyarakat normal untuk meningkatkan pendapatan ekonomi keluarga, dan keterampilan hidup untuk memelihara diri dan mandiri dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.Berdasarkan hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa upaya meningkatkan kesehatan jiwa dapat dilakukan melalui Metode Proverasi (Promosi, Prevensi, Kurasi, Rehabilitasi) dengan memberdayakan warga masyarakat Desa Krebet Kecamatan Jambon Kabupaten Ponorogo.<p><strong>Kata kunci: </strong>Kesehatan Jiwa, Metode Proverasi, Masyarakat</p><p><em><strong>Abstract</strong></em><br />Retardasi Mental The village of Krebet is one of four villages in Jambon Sub-district, Ponorogo District where the majority of the population suffers from mental retardation, so the nickname "Kampung Idiot" is still attached to the present in the community. The geographic conditions of remote, barren and arid land and the plains surrounded by limestone ridges have resulted in inadequate education, decent health care, and the vast majority of people are below the poverty line. In daily life, the majority of people experiencing mental retardation will have an impact on the mental health of the "idiot village" community, so a serious handling by empowering local villagers to improve their mental health through proveration method (promotion, prevention, curation, rehabilitation). The proveration method is done through a series of activities which include counseling and social guidance in creating a healthy life, both physical and psychological, providing life skills to the residents of mental retardation as well as normal citizens to increase the family's economic income, and life skills to maintain themselves and be independent in life Daily.Based on the results of the implementation of community service activities that have been done can be concluded that the effort to improve mental health can be done through Progress Method (Promotion, Prevention, Curation, Rehabilitation) by empowering the people of Krebet Village, Jambon Subdistrict, Ponorogo Regency.</p><p><em>Keywords: Mental Health, Progress Method, Mental Retardation Society</em></p>

Social support to improve the self-care ability of people with mental disabilities: a qualitative study in the “Kampung Tunagrahita”

“…As the large number of people with mental disabilities emerges in the area, it is necessary to highlight in-depth factors resulting in mental disabilities. Internal or genetic factors are often the main factors due to mistakes of community members who do inbreeding, chromosomal abnormalities (Murry & Pu, 2011;Siew, Tan, Abbaspour Babaei, Cheah, & Ling, 2013) lack of nutrition during pregnancy (Armatas, 2009;Asri & Afifah, 2017), prenatal problems such as infections and herpes viruses, rubella, syphilis, and pregnant women's alcohol consumption (Iqbal, Baig, Bhinder, & Zahoor, 2016;Strømme & Hagberg, 2000).…”

“…Citizens have experienced periods whereas they have only consumed food of poor nutritional values for decades. The geographical conditions of remote areas lead to the lack of proper education and health services (Asri & Afifah, 2017). In addition, parents with stress conditions and lack of social support can cause the low stimulation of child development (Hanif & Asri, 2016).…”

Reality Counseling Approach as a Preventive Effort for People With Disabilities

“…Faktor psikososial dapat mengakibatkan keterbelakangan mental yang tidak terlepas dari kurangnya pendidikan masyarakat dan tingkat sosial ekonomi rendah. Kondisi geografis daerah terpencil menyebabkan kurangnya pendidikan dan pelayanan kesehatan (Asri & Afifah, 2017). Selain itu, orang tua dengan kondisi stres dan kurangdukungan sosial dapat menyebabkan rendahnya stimulasi tumbuh kembang anak (Hanif & Asri, 2016).…”