Pelagic ecosystem structure and functioning in the subtropical front region east of New Zealand in austral winter and spring 1993

Bradford‐Grieve, Janet M.; Boyd, Philip W.; Chang, F. Hoe; Chiswell, Stephen M.; Hadfield, Mark G.; Hall, Julie; James, Mark R.; Nodder, Scott D.; Shushkina, E. A.

doi:10.1093/plankt/21.3.405

Cited by 111 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In contrast, STW north of the front tends to be higher in iron, but comparatively low in nitrate. Within the STF, both nitrate and iron show values intermediate between the STW and SAW, and spring-bloom production there is higher than in either STW or SAW (Bradford-Grieve et al 1999). Although the mechanisms of primary production north of the front are uncertain, it seems that the transport of micro-and macro-nutrients across the front is important in determining the total biological production.…”

Section: M99004 Received 26 January 1999; Accepted 12 July 2000mentioning

confidence: 97%

Eddy energetics in the subtropical front over the Chatham Rise, New Zealand

Chiswell¹

2001

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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The Chatham Rise, which rises to a depth of 400 m immediately to the east of New Zealand, appears to constrain the latitudinal movement of the Subtropical Front (STF). Data from current meters moored over the Chatham Rise are used to estimate the spatial variation of mean and turbulent kinetic energies and Reynolds stresses in and around the STF. Mean currents over 8 months are to the east, and are stronger south of the rise. Mean speeds at 250 m south of the rise are as high as 15 cm s -1 compared to 4.5 cm s -1 north of the rise. In contrast, the eddy kinetic energy is higher to the north at 8.2 J m -3 compared to 3.3 J m -3 to the south. Short-term current meter moorings over the crest of the rise show no coherence over length scales of 15 km for periods less than 10 days. At 250 m depth, Reynolds stresses are positive north of the rise, and negative south of it, suggesting an export of momentum away from the STF.

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Section: M99004 Received 26 January 1999; Accepted 12 July 2000mentioning

confidence: 97%

Eddy energetics in the subtropical front over the Chatham Rise, New Zealand

Chiswell¹

2001

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research

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“…data). The STF is a major ocean boundary that separates warm, saline, nutrient-poor subtropical waters to the north of the STF from relatively cool, lesssaline, nutrient-rich subantarctic waters to the south (Bradford-Grieve et al 1999). This front is a continuous oceanographic feature south of Australia, but is reported to end at the continental shelf of western Bass Straight near 40°S (Tomczak et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colony-specific foraging areas of lactating New Zealand fur seals

Baylis

Page

Goldsworthy

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…The situation may be reversed when the biological pump is weak (ocean a source of CO2) (Longhurst and Harrison, 1989). The function of the biological pump could vary from one oceanic region to another, depending on the structure of the plankton communities and abundance of the component organisms which determine the pathway of carbon through planktonic food webs, as was demonstrated in the eastern North Pacific Ocean (Booth et al, 1993;Boyd et al, 1995), western North Pacific Ocean (Shinada et al, 2001), equatorial Pacific Ocean (Ishizaka et al, 1997), subtropical Pacific Ocean (Bradford-Grieve et al, 1999), off Bermuda , North Sea (Nielsen et al, 1993), and Baltic Sea (Uitto et al, 1997). However, all these previous studies are concerned with plankton communities in the epipelagic zone, and comparable information about the plankton community structure in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones is extremely limited (cf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latitudinal Differences in the Planktonic Biomass and Community Structure Down to the Greater Depths in the Western North Pacific

Yamaguchi

Watanabe²,

Ishida³

et al. 2004

Journal of Oceanography

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As part of the research program WEST-COSMIC Phase I (1997, vertical profiles down to the greater depths (0-2000 m or 5800 m) of the plankton community structure composed of heterotrophic bacteria, phytoplankton, protozooplankton and metazooplankton were studied at one station in each subarctic (44˚N) and in transitional region (39˚N), and two stations in subtropical region (30˚N and 25˚N); all in 137-155˚E in the western North Pacific Ocean. The biomass of all four taxonomic groups decreased rapidly with increasing depths at all stations, although the magnitude of depth-related decrease differed among the groups. As plankton community structure, metazooplankiton biomass and bacterial biomass occupied >50% of the total in 0-2000 and 2000-4000 or 5000 m strata, respectively, at subarctic and transitional stations, while bacterial biomass contributed to >50% of the total consistently from 0 through 4800 or 5800 m at subtropical stations. Metazooplankton biomass integrated over the greater depths exhibited a clear latitudinal pattern (high north and low south), but this was not the case for those of the other taxonomic groups. As a component of metazooplankton, an appreciable contribution of diapausing copepods to the metazooplankton was noted at subarctic and transitional stations, but they were few or nil at subtropical stations.As protozooplankton assemblages, heterotrophic microflagellates (HMF) and dinoflagellates were two major components at subarctic and transitional stations, but were only HMF predominated at subtropical stations.From biomass ratios between heterotrophic bacteria, HMF and dinoflagellates, "sinking POC-DOC-heterotrophic bacteria-HMF-heterotrophic dinoflagellates" link was proposed as a microbial food chain operative in the deep layer of the western NorthPacific. All results are discussed in the light of latitudinal differences in the structure and functioning of plankton community contributing to the 'biological pump' in the western North Pacific Ocean.

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Pelagic ecosystem structure and functioning in the subtropical front region east of New Zealand in austral winter and spring 1993

Cited by 111 publications

References 61 publications

Eddy energetics in the subtropical front over the Chatham Rise, New Zealand

Eddy energetics in the subtropical front over the Chatham Rise, New Zealand

Colony-specific foraging areas of lactating New Zealand fur seals

Latitudinal Differences in the Planktonic Biomass and Community Structure Down to the Greater Depths in the Western North Pacific

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