Peer-Rated Aggression and Aggressive Responses Elicited in an Experimental Situation

Williams, James F.; Meyerson, Leonard J.; Eron, Leonard D.; Semler, Ira J.

doi:10.2307/1127139

Cited by 41 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Peer-rated aggression scores agree closely with teacher ratings, clinical referrals, and overt behavior measured by such devices as the Iowa Aggression Machine (Williams, Meyerson, Eron, & Semler, 1967).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Does television violence cause aggression?

Eron¹,

Huesmann²,

Lefkowitz³

et al. 1972

American Psychologist

Self Cite

322

162

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Does television violence cause aggression?

Eron¹,

Huesmann²,

Lefkowitz³

et al. 1972

American Psychologist

Self Cite

322

162

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“…Male adolescents with a history of violence delivered more intense shocks to a fictitious other person than males without a history of violence [Hartmann, 1969]. Eight-year-old children rated as highly aggressive by their peers administered more frequent and intense noxious sounds to their classmates than children peers rated as low in aggression [Williams et al, 1967].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Laboratory and questionnaire measures of aggression among female parolees with violent or nonviolent histories

et al. 2000

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Female parolees were recruited into a laboratory study to determine the relationship between their previous aggression history, questionnaire measures of aggression, and behavioral measures of aggressive responding using a laboratory methodology: the Point Subtraction Aggression Paradigm (PSAP). Subjects were assigned to a violent or nonviolent group based on their criminal history. Subjects participated in sessions in which they were given three response options: (1) nonaggressive responding that earned money, (2) aggressive responding that ostensibly subtracted money from another fictitious person and was defined as aggressive since it resulted in the ostensible delivery of an aversive stimulus (subtraction of money) to another person, and (3) escape responding that protected the subject's earnings from periodic subtractions initiated by the fictitious other person. Results indicated that the violent female parolees emitted significantly more aggressive responses than subjects in the nonviolent group. This study provides additional external validity as well as evidence for convergent and discriminant validity for PSAP laboratory measurement of human aggressive responding and extends these findings to female parolees. Comparisons to previously published data with male parolees showed that gender differences were found among violent but not nonviolent parolees. Aggr. Behav. 26:291–307, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…Proceeding with relationships involving T data, Eron and his associates found evidence for the validity of their peer nomination measure (Walder et al, 1961) in a controlled, experimental situation, an allegedly cooperative game (Williams et al, 1967). In this study, then, R data and controlled T data were related.…”

Section: Cross-situational Consistencymentioning

confidence: 65%

The consistency issue in personality psychology revisited — with special reference to aggression

Olweus¹

1980

Br J Soc Clin Psychol

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A considerable body of evidence is presented showing a substantial degree of longitudinal as well as cross-situational consistency in the motive area of aggression. These data demonstrate that the influential conclusions with regard to consistency drawn by Mischel in his evaluative review (1968, 1969) are not supported by existing empirical evidence in the field of aggression. The consistency found makes it both defensible and natural to assume the 'existence' of some kind of relatively stable, individual-differentiating aggressive reaction tendencies within the individuals, however conceptualized. Furthermore, on the basis of a conceptual analysis, it is shown why low correlations have often been found between self-report data (S data) and rating data (R data), on one hand, and objectively recorded behaviour (T data), on the other. It is argued that the reasons are often to be found in a conceptual mismatch as well as in psychometric insufficiences of T data. This analysis has broad implications for personality measurement in laboratory settings in general.Several times in the history of personality psychology and maybe particularly during the last decade, there have been lively discussions and heated controversies about what has become known as the consistency issue. This problem includes both questions of cross-situational and longitudinal consistency. Broadly, the question of cross-situational consistency concerns the extent to which individuals in a group retain their relative positions on a certain dimension or characteristic across various situations or sources of data at approximately the same point in time. The issue of longitudinal consistency, on the other hand, primarily relates to the extent to which individuals in a group retain their relative positions on a certain dimension or characteristic for measurements at different periods of time, that is, it concerns the degree of stability of individual differences over time (Olweus, 1974(Olweus, , 1977~1, c, 1978.The issue of the extent to which there is consistency across situations and data sources and over time is of great interest in its own right, for instance, for predictive purposes. However, closely related to this complex of problems is another question : Is there empirical justification for assuming relatively stable reaction tendencies or personality dispositions that affect the individual's behaviour in a number of situations? An assumption of such personality dispositions in one form or another is central to traditional trait theories (Allport, 1937; Cattell, 1946).The present paper will consider some of these issues, particularly in the following two ways. In the first place, it will briefly document the position of Walter Mischel (1968, 1969) who has been one of the most ardent and articulate critics of trait (and state, i.e. psychodynamic) theories. After a statement of Mischel's position, an overview of the evidence on longitudinal and, to some extent, cross-situational consistency in one area of research, aggression, will be prese...

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Peer-Rated Aggression and Aggressive Responses Elicited in an Experimental Situation

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Does television violence cause aggression?

Does television violence cause aggression?

Laboratory and questionnaire measures of aggression among female parolees with violent or nonviolent histories

The consistency issue in personality psychology revisited — with special reference to aggression

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