Peer-Rated Aggression and Aggressive Responses Elicited in an Experimental Situation

Children's Aggression Following Competition and Exposure to an Aggressive Model

“…This interpretation seems reasonable in view of the findings by Williams, Meyerson, Eron, and Semler (1967) that children rated high in aggression by their peers administered to co-workers more intense noxious auditory stimuli, at shorter latencies, with greater frequencies, and for longer durations than did children rated low in aggression. It was reasoned that children who are customarily aggressive might be more likely to respond to frustration and to the modeled aggressive sequence with greater aggressive activity than would children who are characteristically more inhibited.…”

Aggression as a function of expected retaliation and aggression level of target and aggressor.

“…Button pressing (position and duration) on the aggression opportunity panel, when used in a game format which allows subjects to assume they can administer noxious sounds, has been demonstrated to function as a measure of aggression (Daut, 1968;Edwards, 1967;Meyerson, 1966;Williams et al, 1967). In the present study, the potential aggressor was informed that two boys were playing a game and that he, the aggressor, would monitor their performance.…”

“…The aggression opportunity panel of the Iowa aggression machine was used to elicit the objective recording of aggression responses (see Williams, Meyerson, Eron, & Semler, 1967, for a complete description of the apparatus and procedure). The panel consists of two lights and two rows of 10 small, black, spring-loaded buttons mounted on an unpainted aluminum sheet.…”

Measuring children's aggression with teachers' predictions of peer nominations.

“…This measure was developed over 35 years ago and is still in use today with no diminution in its relevance for children of varying ethnicity, race, socioeconomic status, or geographical location around the world (Guerra, Huesmann, Tolan, Van Acker, & Eron, 1994;Huesmann & Eron, 1986;Pulkkinen, 1987). Its concurrent validity has been demonstrated in both laboratory (Williams, Meyerson, Eron, & Semler, 1967) and field studies (Eron et al, 1971); its construct validity has been demonstrated in the many theoretically predicted relations into which it enters (e.g., Eron, Laulicht, Walder, Farber, & Spiegel, 1961); and its predictive validity has been demonstrated over 3 years (Huesmann & Eron, 1986), 11 years (Lefkowitz, Eron, Walder, & Huesmann, 1977), and 22 years, as seen in its relation to the occurrence of aggression, violence, delinquency, and criminal behavior over those periods (Huesmann et al, 1984). A number of similar peer-nomination scales have been derived and are also in widespread use in aggression research (Bjorkqvist, Lagerspetz, & Kaukiainen, 1992;Dodge & Coie, 1987;Perry, Perry, & Rasmussen, 1986;Wiggins & Winder, 1961).…”