PEDOT:PSS/Bacterial Cellulose-based soft actuator under triangle and square wave: Deflection, response and fidelity

PEDOT:PSS‐bacterial cellulose bilayer actuators: From the movement of ions to deflection

“…ATCC23769 bacterial cells were used to prepare the inoculum. The bacterial cells were grown in the Hestrin‐Schramm (HS) medium 10,22 . The HS media consist of 1.15 g/L citric acid, 2.7 g/L sodium phosphate dibasic, 5 g/L peptone, 5 g/L yeast extracts, and 20 g/L dextrose.…”

“…The thickness after drying was measured to be 10 μm. A 0.5 mL of PEDOT:PSS dispersion was uniformly drop cast on the BC and dried for 24 h at 60°C in a hot‐air oven 10 . The prepared bilayer PEDOT:PSS/BC actuators as shown in Figure 1, had a final weight ratio of PEDOT:PSS to bacterial cellulose of 2:1 10 …”

“…The actuation experiment was conducted as reported before 10 . In short, a custom‐made electrochemical cell having a flat and transparent surface was used for the experiments as shown in Figure 2.…”

“…In addition, the interaction of ions with solvent and polymer, electrolytes mobility in the polymer, and the interiors of an actuator are also important. The response of the actuator might depend on the design/type of actuator, potential waveform, and time 10 …”

Conducting Polymer-based Biohybrid Materials : Towards Microphysiological Chips and Soft Actuators for Bone Tissue Engineering

“…[50] Besides, biodegradable polymers like hydrogels, cellulose are also commonly used for bilayer CP actuators in the biological field. [51] The techniques for the deposition of CPs on these soft substrates can be classified into either vapor phase polymerisation of monomers, or inkjet printing, spray-coating, spincoating, and drop-casting of pre-synthesised CPs processable dispersions. [52] On the other hand, the CP/soft-substrate bilayer actuators can be fabricated via electrochemical polymerisation method on a soft-flexible conductive substrate.…”