Pediatric glossopharyngeal neuralgia: a comprehensive review

Shereen, Rafik; Gardner, Brady; Altafulla, Juan J; Simonds, Emily; Iwanaga, Joe; Litvack, Zachary; Loukas, Marios; Tubbs, R. Shane

doi:10.1007/s00381-018-3995-3

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…To date, no study has reported on its development before 20 years of age. To the best of our knowledge, only case series and case reports of single HDS have been published in pediatric and adolescent populations [ 8 – 16 ]. In the present report, we present an extremely rare case of combined HDS in an adolescent patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia in an adolescent: a case report

et al. 2021

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Background Hyperactive dysfunction syndrome (HDS) refers to a constellation of symptoms developing from cranial nerve overactivity caused by neurovascular compression at the root entry or exit zone near the brainstem. Although the combined features of HDS are seen in the elderly, there are no reports of such cases in adolescents, to date. Case presentation A 17-year-old male was diagnosed with right glossopharyngeal neuralgia and treated with microvascular decompression. He experienced new-onset right facial pain later and was diagnosed with right trigeminal neuralgia, which required prompt radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the right mandibular nerve. Follow-up in the third post-treatment year revealed the absence of symptom recurrence. Discussion We report the treatment of a rare case of adolescent-onset combined HDS presenting as trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. This report highlights the possibility of combined hyperactive dysfunction syndrome in younger age groups. It is crucial to establish a diagnosis early on for prompt management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia in an adolescent: a case report

et al. 2021

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“…At present, the pathogenesis of primary glossopharyngeal neuralgia is not clear. It is believed that benign peripheral stimulation or injury of cranial nerve IX is the culprit,18,19 which provides a basis for the treatment of glossopharyngeal neuralgia by blocking nerve conductions of the glossopharyngeal nerve. The current study demonstrated that ultrasound-guided glossopharyngeal nerve block via the styloid process was safe and effective for the majority of glossopharyngeal neuralgia patients over 6 months, but only a small proportion of the patients at 18 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Ultrasound-guided glossopharyngeal nerve block via the styloid process for glossopharyngeal neuralgia: a retrospective study</p>

Liu¹,

Qing²,

Tang³

et al. 2019

JPR

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Objective To examine the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound-guided glossopharyngeal nerve block via the styloid process for primary glossopharyngeal neuralgia. Methods This retrospective study included all patients receiving glossopharyngeal nerve block via the styloid process under ultrasound guidance for primary glossopharyngeal neuralgia between January 2015 and May 2018 at our hospital. The primary outcome of the study was pain relief as assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS). Treatment was considered effective if the VAS score decreased by more than 2 points. Results Twelve patients were included in the analysis. The baseline VAS scores ranged from 5 to 9. All patients received previous pharmacotherapy. Other previous treatments included pulsed mode radiofrequency (n=4), microvascular decompression (n=2), and glossopharyngeal nerve block (not under ultrasound guidance; n=2). The patients completed a total of 48 injections for glossopharyngeal nerve block. At discharge from the hospital, and at 6, 12, and 18 months thereafter, 10/12, 10/12, 7/12, and 4/12 patients achieved pain relief and the effective rate was 83.3% at discharge, 83.3% at 6 months, 58.3% at 1 year, and 33.3% at 18 months, respectively. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided glossopharyngeal nerve block via the styloid process is a safe, radiation-free, repeatable, convenient, and effective treatment. It can provide a treatment option for patients with glossopharyngeal neuralgia.

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“…A retrospective study found 8 cases of idiopathic GN successfully treated with peripheral glycerol injections [19]. Secondary GN in children has been attributed to vagus nerve stimulator [52], Eagle Syndrome [53,54,55], Chiari 1 malformation [56], and schwannoma [51]. Two of the cases were initially attributed to acute otitis media, the diagnosis made following treatment failure [53,57].…”

Section: Glossopharyngeal Neuralgiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eagle syndrome, an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament that causes impingement on the glossopharyngeal nerve, has been associated with pediatric GN, and has also been proposed as evidence of a genetic component [55]. There is one report of a 13-year-old boy with 6 years of refractory GN symptoms and thought to be idiopathic.…”

Section: Glossopharyngeal Neuralgiamentioning

confidence: 99%