Pediatric Eye Injuries Treated in US Emergency Departments, 1990-2009

Pollard, Katherine; Xiang, Hao; Smith, Gary A.

doi:10.1177/0009922811427583

Cited by 52 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…37 Paintball and airsoft guns can cause severe ocular injuries because of the force generated and the small size of the projectiles. 49,50 Rules regarding the sale and use of these items vary considerably, with almost 30 states in the United States having regulations, ordinances, and laws pertaining to nonpowder guns. New York City and New York State prohibit air rifles and BB guns.…”

Section: Consumer/domestic Relatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…37,50 In the United States, chemicals are responsible for 17% of pediatric eye injuries, second only to sports-and recreation-related injuries (24%). 49 Safety caps and warnings have been successfully used to reduce the incidence of eye injuries, but these are not guaranteed to eliminate the hazard. When combined with appropriate parent education about hazards, a reduction in eye injury incidence has been shown.…”

Section: Consumer/domestic Relatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eye Injury Prevention for the Pediatric Population

Hoskin

Philip

Yardley

et al. 2016

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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Each year an estimated 3.3 to 5.7 million pediatric eye injuries occur worldwide. It is widely reported that 90% of ocular injuries are preventable. Our aim was to identify legislation and policies, education, and mandatory eye protection strategies that have successfully contributed to reducing rates of children's eye injuries. A literature search was conducted using the terms "pediatric" or "children" or "adolescent" and "ocular" or "eye" and "protection" or "injury prevention." Articles were retrieved based on titles and abstracts and assessed in the context of our research question. Strategies identified aimed at reducing ocular trauma fell into 3 broad categories: legislation and policies, education, and personal eye protection. Policies including restrictions on the sale and supply of certain consumer products, mandatory vehicle seatbelts, and laminated windscreens in vehicles have assisted in reducing children's eye injuries. Educational tools aimed at children and their caregivers have been effective in changing attitudes to eye health and safety. Effective pediatric eye injury prevention systems require a multifactorial approach combining legislation, policies, standards, education, and personal eye protection to limit exposure to ocular hazards. A paucity of standardized measurement and lack of funding have limited advances in the field of children's eye injury prevention. Improved eye injury surveillance and research funding along with collaboration with health care providers are important components for strategies to prevent pediatric ocular trauma.

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Section: Consumer/domestic Relatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Consumer/domestic Relatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Injury Prevention for the Pediatric Population

Hoskin

Philip

Yardley

et al. 2016

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Increasingly, attention has been focused on the worldwide epidemic of eye injuries in the pediatric population, which carries an incidence rate of 0.746 to 9.9 per 10,000 in the United States [2], [7], [9], [13], [17], [48] and other developed countries [18], [36]. Prior epidemiologic studies of eye injury have produced varied results, in part because of differences in study design, time, and region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior epidemiologic studies of eye injury have produced varied results, in part because of differences in study design, time, and region. Population-based studies of pediatric ocular trauma have indicated that approximately two-thirds of injured patients are males, predominantly with closed globe injuries at home [7], [9]–[10], [17]–[18], [37]–[38]. However, when study subjects are restricted to eye injuries treated at any one of the healthcare centers (including tertiary hospitals), visual impairment is mainly due to open globe injuries [3], [6], [12], [29], [49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Pediatric Ocular Trauma in the Chaoshan Region, China, 2001–2010

Zhang³

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundOcular trauma is the leading cause of monocular visual disability and noncongenital unilateral blindness in children. This study describes the epidemiology and medical care associated with nonfatal pediatric (≤17 years of age) eye injury-related hospitalization in the largest industrial base for plastic toy production in China.MethodsA population-based retrospective study of patients hospitalized for ocular and orbital trauma in the ophthalmology departments of 3 major tertiary hospitals from 1st January 2001 to 31st December 2010 was performed.ResultsThe study included 1035 injured eyes from 1018 patients over a 10-year period: 560 (54.1%) eyes exhibited open globe injuries, 402 (38.8%) eyes suffered closed globe injuries, 10 (1.0%) eyes suffered chemical injuries and 8 (0.8%) eyes exhibited thermal injuries, representing an average annual hospitalization rate of 0.37 per 10,000 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36–0.38) due to pediatric eye injury in the Chaoshan region. The mean patient age was 9.2±4.4 years with a male-to-female ratio of 3.3∶1 (P = 0.007). Children aged 6 to 11 years accounted for the highest percentage (40.8%, 416/1018) of hospitalization, 56.7% (236/416) of whom were hospitalized for open globe wounds. Injury occurred most frequently at home (73.1%). Open globe wounds cost the single most expensive financial burden (60.8%) of total charges with $998±702 mean charges per hospitalization.ConclusionsOpen globe wounds occurred at home are earmarked for the priorities to prevention strategies. Higher public awareness of protecting primary schoolchildren from home-related eye injuries should be strengthened urgently by legislation or regulation since the traditional industrial mode seems to remain the pattern for the foreseeable future. Further research that provide detailed information on the specific inciting agents of pediatric eye injuries are recommended for facilitating the development and targeting of appropriate injury prevention initiatives.

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“…There are~2.4 million eye injuries annually in the United States of America [USA] (3). Population based studies in the USA have reported eye injury as the third most common indication for hospitalization in emergency departments, and the National Society for the Prevention of Blindness estimates that up to 90% of all eye injuries are preventable, especially in the paediatric age group (4)(5)(6). Ocular injuries may also be associated with other injuries including facial fractures, in which case severe visual impairment may occur (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%