Pediatric Critical Care and COVID-19

González‐Dambrauskas, Sebastián; Vásquez‐Hoyos, Pablo; Camporesi, Anna; Rubio, Franco Díaz; Piñeres-Olave, Byron Enrique; Fernández‐Sarmiento, Jaime; Gertz, Shira J.; Harwayne‐Gidansky, Ilana; Pietroboni, P.; Shein, Steven L.; Urbano, Javier; Wegner, Adriana; Zemanate, Eliana; Karsies, Todd; Coronavirus, Critical; Study, Kids Epidemiology Cake

doi:10.1542/peds.2020-1766

Cited by 90 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…There are some suggestions that several conditions increase the risk of severe disease in children and include hospitalization, mechanical ventilation, congenital heart disease, neurologic, genetic and metabolic conditions [84][85][86]. Other conditions are related to all ages and include: diabetes mellitus I and II, immunocompromised due to solid organ transplant and other conditions, cerebrovascular accidents, chronic pulmonary disease (e.g., cystic fibrosis, moderate to severe asthma), chronic kidney disease, liver disease, pregnancy, obesity, smocking, sickle cell disease, thalassemia, and hypertension [87].…”

Section: Underlying Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why COVID-19 is less frequent and severe in children: a narrative review

et al. 2020

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Background Despite the streaks of severity, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is, in general, less frequent and severe in children than in adults. We searched for causal evidence of this mystery. Data sources An extensive search strategy was designed to identify papers on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We searched Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE databases, and Cochrane library and carried out a review on the causes of this dilemma. Results Our searches produced 81 relevant articles. The review showed that children accounted for a lower percentage of reported cases, and they also experienced less severe illness courses. Some potential explanations, including the tendency to engage the upper airway, the different expression in both receptors of angiotensin-converting enzyme and renin-angiotensin system, a less vigorous immune response, the lower levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, myeloperoxidase, and P-selectin and a higher intracellular adhesion molecule-1, a potential protective role of lymphocytes, and also lung infiltrations might have protective roles in the immune system-respiratory tract interactions. Finally, what have shed light on this under representation comes from two studies that revealed high-titer immunoglobulin-G antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus and mycoplasma pneumonia, may carry out cross-protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, just like what suggested about the vaccines. Conclusions These results require an in-depth look. Properties of the immune system including a less vigorous adaptive system beside a preliminary potent innate response and a trained immunity alongside a healthier respiratory system, and their interactions, might protect children against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, further studies are needed to explore other possible causes of this enigma.

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Section: Underlying Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why COVID-19 is less frequent and severe in children: a narrative review

et al. 2020

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“…To date, few studies have been published on COVID-19 or MIS-C in Latin America. A multicenter study from Chile, Colombia, and other countries reported 17 children with COVID-19, but no case of MIS-C 13 ; another multicenter study in Brazil reported 79 confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, of which ten were classified as MIS-C 14 ; and the other two were case series from southeastern Brazil (66 cases, six of MIS-C), 15 and from northern Brazil (11 cases of MIS-C). 16…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Brazil: a multicenter, prospective cohort study

Lima‐Setta

Magalhães‐Barbosa

Santos

et al. 2021

Jornal de Pediatria

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“…children less than 19 years old with critical COVID-19 requiring PICU management; findings also demonstrate that rhabdomyolysis is rare 17 . The exact pathogenesis that causes muscle destruction from a viral etiology remains unclear as the presence of a virus in muscle is difficult to demonstrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Rhabdomyolysis as the Initial Presentation of SARS-CoV-2 in an Adolescent

et al. 2021

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The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has created a global pandemic, with many cases affecting the elderly. However, children have been affected as well, with about 2.4-3.7% of cases reported. This case is the first published case of an adolescent presenting with rhabdomyolysis as the first sign of COVID-19, with extremely elevated creatinine kinase (CK) levels, approaching almost 400,000 U/L. This case adds to the growing body of literature of a variety of life-threatening manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, and highlights the importance of how prompt recognition of these unique presentations of the disease is important to mitigate complications.

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Pediatric Critical Care and COVID-19

Cited by 90 publications

References 9 publications

Why COVID-19 is less frequent and severe in children: a narrative review

Why COVID-19 is less frequent and severe in children: a narrative review

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Brazil: a multicenter, prospective cohort study

Rhabdomyolysis as the Initial Presentation of SARS-CoV-2 in an Adolescent

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