Pediatric brucellosis

Abstract

Brucellosis remains the most common bacterial zoonotic infection in many countries worldwide. Despite being long recognized and controllable, the disease still causes substantial morbidity, affecting especially the young population. The aim of this review is to provide insight to the epidemiology, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of childhood brucellosis.

A rare complication of brucella in adolescence: Epididymoorchitis

“…Brucella is a zoonotic disease that can involve many organs and tissues. Brucellosis that seen in the Balkans, Middle East, South America and Mediterranean region where Turkey is located, is also an important public health problem (1)(2)(3). According to the data of the Ministry of Health, 18408 cases of brucellosis were reported in our country in 2004 and the cases are mostly seen in rural areas of Central and Southeastern Anatolia (4).…”

“…The disease is transmitted to humans by direct contact with infected animals or by consumption of unpasteurized milk and milk products of infected animals (5,6). Brucellosis is seen in a wide spectrum of symptoms ranging from fever, joint pain and weakness to cardiovascular, genitourinary and nervous system involvement (2,7,8). Lymphohematogenous spread can involve many systems such as osteoarticular system, central nervous system and hematologic system (9).…”

CCR5 and CCR5Δ32 in bacterial and parasitic infections: Thinking chemokine receptors outside the HIV box

“…Brucellosis, also known as Malta fever, is a common zoonosis caused by bacteria of the Brucella genus. Classically, three main species are responsible for infection in humans: Brucella melitensis , Brucella abortus and Brucella suis (Boschiroli, Foulongne, & O’Callaghan, 2001; Franco, Mulder, Gilman, & Smits, 2007), although Brucella canis can also infect humans (Bukhari, 2018). Monocytes and macrophages are the main replication sites of Brucella spp., being also their cellular reservoirs (Wang, Li, et al, 2017).…”

“…Brucellosis is a febrile disease that, in some cases, is severe and debilitating (Boschiroli et al, 2001; Franco et al, 2007). This disease has an incubation time of 2–4 weeks and triggers a broad spectrum of manifestations, including fever, headache, chills, arthralgia, fatigue and osteoarticular infection (Bukhari, 2018; Harrison & Posada, 2018). Approximately 500,000 new cases are identified annually worldwide (Harrison & Posada, 2018; Pappas, Papadimitriou, Akritidis, Christou, & Tsianos, 2006).…”

“…Cases of paediatric infection are common, mainly in endemic countries. In low‐income countries, paediatric infection is associated with contact of children with animals and ingestion of unpasteurized milk (Alshaalan et al, 2014; Bukhari, 2018).…”