Peculiarities of the influence of agroclimatic factors of the humid subtropics of Russia on the yield of Hayward Actinidia deliciosa variety

Abstract

The aim of the research is to reveal the peculiarities of the influence of agro-climatic factors of the humid subtropics of Russia on the yield of the industrial variety Hayward. The causal relationship between the value of variety Hayward yield and weather condition of the subtropics of Russia is revealed by multiple correlation-regression analysis over a 20-year period (2000-2019). Investment embedding in agrofi tocenosis creation of Actinidia allow effi ciently use the variety Hayward rather long time, considering its potential productivity, resistance to diseases and pests, quality of fruit, requirements to soil condition and pay-back period of the establishment of the planting. Long-term observations of productivity and modeling of the interaction of weather factor with yield of Hayward Actinidia deliciosa variety have shown the following: weather conditions of humid subtropics in the flowering phase of the crop are decisive for the year’s harvest size and are critical in their importance, since they refer to independent factors; unfavorable weather conditions in the Russian subtropics are repeated two years in a decade. At the same time, due to late spring frosts (-1,80 and -5 0 С) at the end of March – begin of April, young escapes perish, and against the background of a signifi cant deterioration in the conditions of pollination and fruit setting at temperatures above 30 0 C, abnormal pollen grains appear during flowering and the fertility decreases. At the late variety Hayward in such periods the yield forms 8-10 % from average (112.5 centers per hectare).

ON SPECIFIC INFLUENCE OF THE AGROECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF HUMID SUBTROPICS OF RUSSIA ON PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF Actinida deliciosa (kiwifruit)

“…Из-за потепления климата сумма температур выше 10 °С за последние 20 лет во влажных субтропиках России стала варьировать от 4559 до 4870 °С, тогда как ранее она составляла 3735-4258 °С (24,25). В период формирования плодов (июнь-сентябрь) актинидия деликатесная требует орошения в зависимости от количества выпадающих осадков и температурного режима.…”